test: integrate verified deferred-admission refusal handling

Co-Authored-By: Paperclip <noreply@paperclip.ing>

* commit '19a97bbe57d1ebd3691c70dd822488efe7e5d3e1':
  fix(server): park persisted deferred admission refusals

doc/plans/2026-10-30-deferred-execution-sleep.md

@@ -21,3 +21,7 @@ C2 remains separate and mandatory: active output silence deadlines, remaining or
 Review controls cover queue edits that move an already loaded grace deadline. Each due check re-reads current stored grace or claim time before admission. Subtree hold release, subtree restore, and member archival publish eligibility inside their own transactions. Member archival preserves the cancelled Retry tombstone created by an earlier user reassignment.
 
 A resume that first records a new execution-wait reason arms its existing 30-second grace once. Writing the same closed-gate reason again does not publish another hint. A clock obligation, an eligibility change, and an infrastructure failure therefore retain separate exits: stored deadline, owning committed producer, and bounded failure backoff. Refreshing a diagnostic timestamp alone does not create permanent polling behind a deliberate pause.
+
+Persisted budget and agent refusals are normalized by the existing deferred-wait owner. The wait writer reports whether its locked conditional update saved the receipt, and only that successful path can produce the internal `PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal` subtype. It remains an HTTP409 with the original message and details. Receipt recovery parks that outcome instead of creating failure debt; the committed first/changed reason still grants its one stored30-second grace. Unrelated409s, failed writes and unexpected provider/infrastructure errors retain failure backoff. This adds no admission policy and changes no native/task-chat ownership.
+
+Production-path controls use actual task Retry, heartbeat, PostgreSQL budget/lifecycle services and a child process writing saved stdout. The lifecycle host completion boundary is controlled explicitly. One set of real budget/agent refusal fixtures consumes its finite grace and becomes quiet for25 minutes of timer advancement with zero driver SQL and no execution. Independent warm-worker fixtures keep the real PostgreSQL clock throughout admission, actual gate-producer release, controller authority and child-process exit, proving exactly one saved execution. Long-idle and provider-release evidence are separate; no clock reset or restart is used to claim warm recovery. A PostgreSQL trigger fault proves failed wait persistence retains recovery backoff, and an unrelated unbranded409 remains a failure.

server/src/__tests__/deferred-execution-receipt-work.test.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
+import { conflict, HttpError } from "../errors.js";
 import { setImmediate as immediate } from "node:timers/promises";
 import { DELIVERY_QUEUES, subscribeDeliveryWork } from "../services/delivery-work-notifications.js";
+import { instanceSettingsService } from "../services/instance-settings.js";
+import { budgetService } from "../services/budgets.js";
+import { configureAgentLifecycle, createAgentLifecycle } from "../services/agent-lifecycle.js";
 import { accessService } from "../services/access.js";
-import { writeDeferredExecutionWait } from "../services/deferred-execution-wait.js";
+import { PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal, writeDeferredExecutionWait } from "../services/deferred-execution-wait.js";
 import { createQueuedCommentIssueLockWriter } from "../modules/wake-queue/adapters/queued-comment-postgres.js";
 import { createHeartbeatQueue } from "../services/heartbeat/queue.js";
 import { createHeartbeatQueueTestDependencies } from "./helpers/heartbeat-queue.js";
@@ -9,7 +13,7 @@ import { issueTreeControlService } from "../services/issue-tree-control.js";
 import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
 import { and, eq, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
 import { afterAll, afterEach, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-import { agents, agentWakeupRequests, authUsers, chatActions, chatEndpoints, toolApplications, toolConnections, companies, companyMemberships, createDb, reconcileDatabaseWork, heartbeatRuns, issueComments, issues } from "@paperclipai/db";
+import { agents, agentWakeupRequests, authUsers, chatActions, chatEndpoints, toolApplications, toolConnections, companies, companyMemberships, costEvents, createDb, reconcileDatabaseWork, heartbeatRuns, issueComments, issues } from "@paperclipai/db";
 import { resolveExternalTestDatabaseUrl } from "./helpers/external-test-database.js";
 import { startEmbeddedPostgresTestDatabase } from "./helpers/embedded-postgres.js";
 import { createDeliveryWorkCoordinator } from "../services/delivery-work-coordinator.js";
@@ -28,18 +32,23 @@ describe("deferred receipt durable dispatch", () => {
   let coordinator: ReturnType<typeof createDeliveryWorkCoordinator>;
   let drain = false;
   const errors: unknown[] = [];
+  const errorTimes: number[] = [];
+  const statements: string[] = [];
   const passes = new Set<Promise<unknown>>();
+  const lifecycleWorkers = new Set<ReturnType<typeof configureAgentLifecycle>>();
   beforeAll(async () => {
     const external = resolveExternalTestDatabaseUrl("PAPERCLIP_DEFERRED_RECEIPT_TEST_DATABASE_URL");
     if (!external) temporary = await startEmbeddedPostgresTestDatabase("deferred-receipts-");
     db = createDb(external ?? temporary!.connectionString, { maxConnections: 6, idleTimeoutSeconds: 0, maxLifetimeSeconds: 0 });
+    db.$client.options.onnotice = () => {};
+    db.$client.options.debug = (_connection, query) => { statements.push(query); };
     await Promise.all(Array.from({ length: 6 }, () => db.execute(sql`select pg_sleep(0.01)`)));
   });
   beforeEach(async () => {
-    await db.execute(sql`truncate companies cascade`); drain = false; errors.length = 0;
+    await db.execute(sql`truncate companies cascade`); drain = false; errors.length = 0; errorTimes.length = 0;
     heartbeat = heartbeatService(db);
     coordinator = createDeliveryWorkCoordinator({ owner: db, canRun: () => !drain, canReconcile: () => true,
-      onError: error => errors.push(error) });
+      onError: error => { errors.push(error); errorTimes.push(Date.now()); } });
     const register = coordinator.register.bind(coordinator);
     coordinator.register = (queue, task) => register(queue, { ...task, run: signal => {
       const pass = Promise.resolve(task.run(signal)); passes.add(pass);
@@ -48,6 +57,7 @@ describe("deferred receipt durable dispatch", () => {
   });
   afterEach(async () => {
     await coordinator.stop(); await heartbeat.drainActiveRunExecutions();
+    await Promise.all([...lifecycleWorkers].map(worker => worker.stop())); lifecycleWorkers.clear();
     vi.useRealTimers(); vi.restoreAllMocks(); expect(errors).toEqual([]);
   });
   afterAll(async () => { await db?.$client.end({ timeout: 1 }); await temporary?.cleanup(); });
@@ -72,7 +82,9 @@ describe("deferred receipt durable dispatch", () => {
     const reads = vi.spyOn(db, "select"), executes = vi.spyOn(db, "execute");
     const selected = reads.mock.calls.length, executed = executes.mock.calls.length;
     if (!vi.isFakeTimers()) vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["Date", "setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
-    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(20 * 60_000);
+    const count = statements.length;
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(25 * 60_000);
+    expect(statements).toHaveLength(count);
     expect(reads).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(selected); expect(executes).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(executed);
   }
   async function finish(issueId: string) {
@@ -130,6 +142,156 @@ describe("deferred receipt durable dispatch", () => {
     expect(await db.select().from(heartbeatRuns).where(sql`${heartbeatRuns.contextSnapshot}->>'taskRetryRequestId' = ${receipt.requestId}`)).toHaveLength(1);
     await quiet();
   });
+  async function blockedRetry(gate: "budget" | "paused agent", clocked = false) {
+    const f = await fixture(), lifecycle = createAgentLifecycle(db), budgets = budgetService(db);
+    // Host lifecycle completion is controlled; all state, admission and the
+    // eventual process adapter execution use their production implementations.
+    const lifecycleWorker = configureAgentLifecycle(db, { requiredPluginIds: async () => [],
+      runHost: async () => "complete", runPlugin: async () => "complete" });
+    lifecycleWorkers.add(lifecycleWorker);
+    const policy = { scopeType: "agent" as const, scopeId: f.agent.id, amount: 100,
+      metric: "billed_cents" as const, windowKind: "lifetime" as const, hardStopEnabled: true, notifyEnabled: false };
+    if (gate === "budget") {
+      await db.insert(costEvents).values({ companyId: f.companyId, agentId: f.agent.id,
+        provider: "test", model: "receipt-proof", costCents: 200, occurredAt: new Date() });
+      await budgets.upsertPolicy(f.companyId, policy, f.actorId);
+    } else await lifecycle.pauseAgent(f.agent.id);
+    await lifecycleWorker.process(f.agent.id);
+    if (clocked) vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["Date", "setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+    await heartbeat.registerDeferredReceiptWork(coordinator, () => !drain).ready;
+    await heartbeat.registerRunDispatchWork(coordinator, () => !drain).ready;
+    await heartbeat.registerScheduledRetryCancellationWork(coordinator, () => !drain).ready;
+    const request = await requestTaskRetry({ db, companyId: f.companyId, issueId: f.issue.id, actorId: f.actorId,
+      observedRunId: f.source.id, idempotencyKey: randomUUID() });
+    expect(request.accepted).toBe(true);
+    const read = async () => (await db.select().from(agentWakeupRequests).where(eq(agentWakeupRequests.id, request.requestId!)))[0];
+    await vi.waitFor(async () => expect((await read()).payload?.executionWait).toMatchObject({
+      reason: gate === "budget" ? "budget.blocked" : "agent.not_invokable",
+    }), { timeout: 10_000 });
+    const refusals: unknown[] = [];
+    await heartbeat.resumeExecutionWaitComments({ companyId: f.companyId, requestId: request.requestId!, onError: error => refusals.push(error) });
+    expect(refusals).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect(refusals[0]).toBeInstanceOf(HttpError);
+    expect(refusals[0]).toMatchObject({ status: 409,
+      details: gate === "budget" ? { scopeType: "agent", scopeId: f.agent.id } : { status: "paused", reason: "paused" } });
+    return { f, lifecycle, budgets, policy, lifecycleWorker, request, read };
+  }
+
+  it.each(["budget", "paused agent"] as const)("parks real task Retry behind unchanged %s without recurring SQL", async gate => {
+    const { request, read } = await blockedRetry(gate, true);
+    // The clock was installed before worker registration and every timer.
+    // No execution exists while we observe actual driver SQL across25min.
+    for (let n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
+      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(31_000); await Promise.allSettled([...passes]); await immediate();
+    }
+    expect(errors).toEqual([]);
+    await quiet();
+    expect(await read()).toMatchObject({ status: "deferred_issue_execution", runId: null });
+    expect(await db.select().from(heartbeatRuns).where(sql`${heartbeatRuns.contextSnapshot}->>'taskRetryRequestId' = ${request.requestId}`)).toHaveLength(0);
+  });
+
+  it.each(["budget", "paused agent"] as const)("releases real %s Retry into exactly one saved process execution", async gate => {
+    const { f, lifecycle, budgets, policy, lifecycleWorker, request, read } = await blockedRetry(gate);
+    // This independent warm-worker fixture stays on the real PostgreSQL clock
+    // through gate release, controller authority and actual child-process exit.
+    if (gate === "budget") await budgets.upsertPolicy(f.companyId, { ...policy, amount: 1000 }, f.actorId);
+    else await lifecycle.resumeAgent(f.agent.id);
+    await lifecycleWorker.process(f.agent.id);
+    let runId: string | null = null;
+    await vi.waitFor(async () => {
+      const wake = await read(); expect(wake.runId).toBeTruthy(); runId = wake.runId;
+    }, { timeout: 40_000 });
+    await vi.waitFor(async () => {
+      await heartbeat.drainActiveRunExecutions();
+      const [run] = await db.select().from(heartbeatRuns).where(eq(heartbeatRuns.id, runId!));
+      expect(run.status, JSON.stringify({ error: run.error, code: run.errorCode })).toBe("succeeded");
+      expect(run.stdoutExcerpt).toContain("receipt-proof");
+    }, { timeout: 15_000 });
+    expect(await db.select().from(heartbeatRuns).where(sql`${heartbeatRuns.contextSnapshot}->>'taskRetryRequestId' = ${request.requestId}`)).toHaveLength(1);
+    await finish(f.issue.id); await quiet();
+  });
+
+  it.each(["missing", "cancelled"] as const)("preserves ordinary409 when a %s receipt cannot save the gate", async status => {
+    const f = await fixture(), requestId = randomUUID();
+    if (status === "cancelled") await db.insert(agentWakeupRequests).values({ id: requestId, companyId: f.companyId,
+      agentId: f.agent.id, source: "on_demand", status, payload: { issueId: f.issue.id } });
+    const deps = createHeartbeatQueueTestDependencies(db), queue = createHeartbeatQueue(db, deps);
+    deps.getAgent.mockResolvedValue(f.agent);
+    deps.instanceSettings.getExperimental.mockImplementation(() => instanceSettingsService(db).getExperimental());
+    for (const gate of ["budget", "agent"] as const) {
+      deps.budgets.getInvocationBlock.mockResolvedValue(gate === "budget"
+        ? { scopeType: "agent", scopeId: f.agent.id, scopeName: f.agent.name, reason: "Budget blocked" } : null);
+      deps.getAgentInvokability.mockResolvedValue({ invokable: false, message: "Paused", reason: "paused", invalidOrgChain: false });
+      const error = await queue.enqueueWakeup(f.agent.id, { source: "on_demand", reason: "task_retry",
+        requestedByActorType: "user", requestedByActorId: f.actorId, payload: { issueId: f.issue.id },
+        contextSnapshot: { issueId: f.issue.id, responsibleUserId: f.actorId } }, requestId).catch(cause => cause);
+      expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(HttpError);
+      expect(error).not.toBeInstanceOf(PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal);
+      expect(error).toMatchObject({ status: 409, message: gate === "budget" ? "Budget blocked" : "Paused" });
+    }
+    const rows = await db.select().from(agentWakeupRequests).where(eq(agentWakeupRequests.id, requestId));
+    expect(rows).toHaveLength(status === "missing" ? 0 : 1);
+    if (status === "cancelled") expect(rows[0]).toMatchObject({ status: "cancelled", runId: null, payload: { issueId: f.issue.id } });
+  });
+
+  it("retains failure backoff for a real wait-persistence database error", async () => {
+    const f = await fixture();
+    await createAgentLifecycle(db).pauseAgent(f.agent.id);
+    const request = await requestTaskRetry({ db, companyId: f.companyId, issueId: f.issue.id, actorId: f.actorId,
+      observedRunId: f.source.id, idempotencyKey: randomUUID() });
+    await db.execute(sql`create function c1_refusal_fault() returns trigger language plpgsql as $$
+      begin if new.reason = 'task_retry' and new.payload ? 'executionWait' then
+        raise exception 'C1 injected wait persistence failure'; end if; return new; end $$`);
+    await db.execute(sql`create trigger c1_refusal_fault before update on agent_wakeup_requests
+      for each row execute function c1_refusal_fault()`);
+    vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["Date", "setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+    try {
+      await heartbeat.registerDeferredReceiptWork(coordinator, () => !drain).ready;
+      await vi.waitFor(() => expect(errors).toHaveLength(1));
+      const failure = errors[0] as AggregateError;
+      expect(failure).toBeInstanceOf(AggregateError);
+      expect(String(failure.errors[0]?.errors[0]?.cause?.message)).toContain("C1 injected wait persistence failure");
+      const due = errorTimes[0] + 30_000;
+      await Promise.allSettled([...passes]); await immediate();
+      await vi.waitFor(() => expect(coordinator.nextWakeAt()).toBe(due));
+      expect((await db.select().from(agentWakeupRequests).where(eq(agentWakeupRequests.id, request.requestId!)))[0].payload?.executionWait).toBeUndefined();
+      await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(29_999);
+      expect(errors).toHaveLength(1);
+      await db.execute(sql`drop trigger c1_refusal_fault on agent_wakeup_requests`);
+      await db.execute(sql`drop function c1_refusal_fault()`);
+      errors.length = 0;
+      for (let n = 0; n < 3; n++) {
+        await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(31_000); await Promise.allSettled([...passes]); await immediate();
+      }
+      expect((await db.select().from(agentWakeupRequests).where(eq(agentWakeupRequests.id, request.requestId!)))[0].payload?.executionWait)
+        .toMatchObject({ reason: "agent.not_invokable" });
+      await quiet();
+    } finally {
+      await db.execute(sql`drop trigger if exists c1_refusal_fault on agent_wakeup_requests`);
+      await db.execute(sql`drop function if exists c1_refusal_fault()`);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("does not park an unrelated HTTP409 as a persisted refusal", async () => {
+    const f = await fixture();
+    const [wake] = await db.insert(agentWakeupRequests).values({ companyId: f.companyId, agentId: f.agent.id,
+      source: "on_demand", reason: "task_retry", status: "deferred_issue_execution" }).returning();
+    const failure = conflict("Unexpected admission conflict");
+    let fail = true;
+    const resume = vi.fn(async (scope: { onError?: (error: unknown) => void }) => { if (fail) scope.onError?.(failure); });
+    vi.useFakeTimers({ toFake: ["Date", "setTimeout", "clearTimeout"] });
+    await registerDeferredReceiptWork(db, coordinator, { resume, settleTaskChat: async () => {}, dispatchNative: async () => {},
+      schedulingSuppressed: async () => false }, () => !drain).ready;
+    expect(errors).toHaveLength(1);
+    expect((errors[0] as AggregateError).errors[0].errors).toEqual([failure]);
+    expect(coordinator.nextWakeAt()).toBe(Date.now() + 30_000);
+    expect((await db.select().from(agentWakeupRequests).where(eq(agentWakeupRequests.id, wake.id)))[0].status).toBe("deferred_issue_execution");
+    errors.length = 0; fail = false;
+    await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(30_000);
+    await vi.waitFor(() => expect(resume).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2));
+    await quiet();
+  });
+
   it.each(["native claim", "execution wait"])("reconstructs an exact fresh %s deadline without probing early", async kind => {
     const f = await fixture(), updatedAt = new Date(), native = kind === "native claim";
     const [wake] = await db.insert(agentWakeupRequests).values({ companyId: f.companyId, agentId: f.agent.id,

server/src/services/deferred-execution-wait.ts

@@ -1,24 +1,33 @@
+import { HttpError } from "../errors.js";
 import { and, eq, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
 import { agentWakeupRequests, type Db } from "@paperclipai/db";
 import { notifyDeferredExecutionWork } from "./deferred-execution-notifications.js";
 
+/** Admission has saved this refusal on the caller's durable deferred receipt.
+ * HTTP callers still receive the existing 409; receipt recovery waits for its
+ * owning gate producer instead of treating the refusal as infrastructure debt. */
+export class PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal extends HttpError {
+  constructor(message: string, details?: unknown) { super(409, message, details); }
+}
+
 export async function writeDeferredExecutionWait(db: Db, scope: { companyId: string; requestId: string },
   condition: Record<string, unknown>, options: { replace?: boolean } = {}) {
   return db.transaction(async tx => {
     const [current] = await tx.select({ payload: agentWakeupRequests.payload }).from(agentWakeupRequests)
       .where(and(eq(agentWakeupRequests.companyId, scope.companyId), eq(agentWakeupRequests.id, scope.requestId),
         eq(agentWakeupRequests.status, "deferred_issue_execution"))).for("update");
-    if (!current) return;
+    if (!current) return false;
     const previous = current.payload?.executionWait;
     const previousReason = previous && typeof previous === "object" && !Array.isArray(previous)
       ? (previous as Record<string, unknown>).reason : undefined;
     if (!previous || previousReason !== condition.reason) await notifyDeferredExecutionWork(tx, scope);
-    await tx.update(agentWakeupRequests).set({
+    const [saved] = await tx.update(agentWakeupRequests).set({
       payload: sql`jsonb_set(coalesce(${agentWakeupRequests.payload}, '{}'::jsonb), '{executionWait}',
         ${options.replace ? sql`'{}'::jsonb` : sql`coalesce(${agentWakeupRequests.payload}->'executionWait', '{}'::jsonb)`}
           || ${JSON.stringify(condition)}::jsonb)`,
       updatedAt: new Date(),
     }).where(and(eq(agentWakeupRequests.companyId, scope.companyId), eq(agentWakeupRequests.id, scope.requestId),
-      eq(agentWakeupRequests.status, "deferred_issue_execution")));
+      eq(agentWakeupRequests.status, "deferred_issue_execution"))).returning({ id: agentWakeupRequests.id });
+    return Boolean(saved);
   });
 }

server/src/services/heartbeat/deferred-receipt-work.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal } from "../deferred-execution-wait.js";
 import { and, asc, eq, gt, inArray, isNull, or, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
 import { agentWakeupRequests, type Db } from "@paperclipai/db";
 import type { createDeliveryWorkCoordinator } from "../delivery-work-coordinator.js";
@@ -105,7 +106,11 @@ export function registerDeferredReceiptWork(
           onError: error => { errors.push(error); },
         });
         else if (kind === "task_chat") await owner.settleTaskChat(scope);
-        else await owner.resume({ ...scope, onError: error => { errors.push(error); } });
+        else {
+          const failed = (error: unknown) => { if (!(error instanceof PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal)) errors.push(error); };
+          try { await owner.resume({ ...scope, onError: failed }); }
+          catch (error) { failed(error); }
+        }
         if (errors.length) throw new AggregateError(errors, `Deferred receipt ${entry.id} could not settle`);
         return next === null ? null : { ...entry, dueAt: next };
       },

server/src/services/heartbeat/queue.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { writeDeferredExecutionWait } from "../deferred-execution-wait.js";
+import { PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal, writeDeferredExecutionWait } from "../deferred-execution-wait.js";
 import { notifyDeferredExecutionWork } from "../deferred-execution-notifications.js";
 import type { DeferredReceiptRecoveryOptions } from "../deferred-execution-notifications.js";
 import { notifyRunDispatch } from "../run-dispatch-notifications.js";
@@ -2522,17 +2522,17 @@ export function createHeartbeatQueue(db: Db, dependencies: HeartbeatQueueDepende
       skipReason: string,
       patch: Partial<typeof agentWakeupRequests.$inferInsert> = {},
       waitCondition?: Record<string, unknown>,
-    ) => {
+    ): Promise<{ created: boolean; waitSaved?: boolean }> => {
       // A temporary refusal must leave the handoff retryable, without burning
       // its one durable receipt ID on a skipped wake.
       if (caseRequest) return { created: false };
       if (executionWaitRequestId) {
-        await writeDeferredExecutionWait(db, { companyId: agent.companyId, requestId: executionWaitRequestId }, {
+        const waitSaved = await writeDeferredExecutionWait(db, { companyId: agent.companyId, requestId: executionWaitRequestId }, {
           reason: skipReason, message: patch.error ?? (skipReason === "issue_tree_hold_active"
             ? "This task is paused. Resume it to send your saved message."
             : "Waiting for task execution to be enabled. Your message is saved."),
         });
-        return { created: false };
+        return { created: false, waitSaved };
       }
       const request = {
         ...durableReceiptFields,
@@ -2804,31 +2804,30 @@ export function createHeartbeatQueue(db: Db, dependencies: HeartbeatQueueDepende
       },
     );
     if (budgetBlock) {
-      await writeSkippedRequest("budget.blocked", { error: budgetBlock.reason }, {
+      const wait = await writeSkippedRequest("budget.blocked", { error: budgetBlock.reason }, {
         scopeType: budgetBlock.scopeType, scopeId: budgetBlock.scopeId,
       });
       if (caseRequest) return null;
-      throw conflict(budgetBlock.reason, {
-        scopeType: budgetBlock.scopeType,
-        scopeId: budgetBlock.scopeId,
-      });
+      const details = { scopeType: budgetBlock.scopeType, scopeId: budgetBlock.scopeId };
+      throw wait.waitSaved ? new PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal(budgetBlock.reason, details)
+        : conflict(budgetBlock.reason, details);
     }
 
     // Setup delays execution, but must not discard work accepted by a caller.
     const invokability = await getAgentInvokability(isAgentAwaitingSetup(agent) ? { ...agent, status: "idle" } : agent);
     if (!invokability.invokable) {
       if (caseRequest) return null;
+      let waitSaved = false;
       if (opts.requestedByActorType !== "user" || executionWaitRequestId) {
-        await writeSkippedRequest("agent.not_invokable", {
+        const wait = await writeSkippedRequest("agent.not_invokable", {
           error: invokability.message,
         }, { status: agent.status, reason: invokability.reason });
+        waitSaved = wait.waitSaved === true;
       }
-      throw conflict(invokability.message, {
-        status: agent.status,
-        reason: invokability.reason,
-        invalidOrgChain: invokability.invalidOrgChain,
-        ...invokability.details,
-      });
+      const details = { status: agent.status, reason: invokability.reason,
+        invalidOrgChain: invokability.invalidOrgChain, ...invokability.details };
+      throw waitSaved ? new PersistedExecutionWaitRefusal(invokability.message, details)
+        : conflict(invokability.message, details);
     }
 
     const policy = parseHeartbeatPolicy(agent);