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## Thinking Path > - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for work > - A legacy (non-native) agent run keeps a controller lease on its `heartbeat_runs` row. The server renews the lease every 10 seconds. If no renewal succeeds in 60 seconds, the watchdog stops the run with `renewal_deadline`. > - #16359 added timings to lease-loss reports. The first staging event with these timings shows `deadlineLateMs=0`, `renewalPendingMs=50000`, and 108 renewals in about 22.5 minutes, where about 135 are expected. Thus the event loop was not blocked. One renewal UPDATE was in flight for 50 seconds, and renewals were slow for a long time before the loss. > - The agent had exited with code 0. The run was in post-execution `sync_back`. Other runs on the same host completed. No code path held a lock on the run row across slow work. A later `instruction_save` UPDATE on the same row completed while the earlier renewal was still pending, so a row-lock wait does not explain the stall. > - postgres.js 3.4.9 sends a new query to a busy connection when no connection is idle (`handler` → `go(busy.shift(), query)` in `src/index.js`). The query waits behind the statement that is in flight on that connection. The renewal had no timeout, and the `pending` flag stopped all later renewals. Thus one slow unrelated statement on the shared pool can stop a healthy run. > - This pull request moves lease renewal to a small private pool, bounds each attempt with a statement timeout, and retries a timed-out attempt until the existing lease deadline. > - The benefit is that slow application queries on the shared pool can no longer cancel a healthy legacy run. ## Linked Issues or Issue Description Refs #16359 (lease-loss timings that identified this cause) Refs #16358 (pre-dispatch lease loss becomes retryable; different path) Refs #16917 (open: keeps a clean adapter result after a lease lapsed; it does not prevent the loss) Refs #13389 (open: host sleep / late timers; different cause) **What happened?** A staging legacy `claude_local` run was cancelled with `Legacy controller lease lost (renewal_deadline)` after the agent exited with code 0. The timings show that the deadline timer ran on time, and one renewal UPDATE was pending for 50 seconds. **Expected behavior** A live controller keeps its lease. Slow unrelated database work does not cancel the run. **Steps to reproduce** 1. Create a database client with one pooled connection. 2. Start `select pg_sleep(5)` on that client. 3. Call `watchLegacyControllerLease(...).assertOwned()` with the same client. 4. Before this change, the renewal waits about 5 seconds behind `pg_sleep`. With a long enough slow statement, the lease deadline stops the run. ## What Changed - `packages/db`: Add `livenessDb(db)`. It gives each `createDb` client a private pool of at most 2 connections (`application_name=paperclip-controller-lease`). The pool is created on first use. Test doubles and transactions get the original client back. - `packages/db`: Add `closeLivenessDb(db, timeoutSeconds)`. The server calls it in `closeDatabaseClients`, so shutdown and failed startup end the private pool too. - `legacy-controller-lease.ts`: The watchdog renews in a transaction on the private pool. Each attempt sets a transaction-local `statement_timeout` of 10 seconds. A timed-out attempt (`57014`) is retried. After a successful retry, the local deadline is measured from that attempt's start, because that attempt's UPDATE wrote the fresh 60 second lease. The existing 60 second deadline, the abort race, and the `renewal_rejected` / `renewal_error` attribution do not change. `renewLegacyControllerLease` itself does not change, so the runtime-selection caller inside its own transaction is not affected. - Tests: a saturated shared pool no longer delays renewal; a renewal that times out on a locked run row retries and keeps the lease; the private pool is cached per client, has its own `application_name`, and closes; after a 45 second timed-out attempt and a successful retry, the next deadline is a full 60 seconds after the retry. The existing test doubles now model the transaction. - `docs/deploy/database.md`: Count the up to 2 extra connections per server process when you size `max_connections`. ## Verification - `cd server && npx vitest run src/services/legacy-controller-lease.test.ts`: 20 passed, on embedded Postgres. - Red/green: with the old `legacy-controller-lease.ts` and the new tests, the saturated-pool test fails with `expected 5018 to be less than 2000`. With the fix, it passes. - Red/green for the retry deadline: with the deadline measured from the first attempt, the retry-deadline test fails (`expected true to be false`) because the run is aborted 15 seconds after the retry. With the fix, it passes. - Mutation check: when the timeout retry is removed, the locked-row test fails with `canceling statement due to statement timeout`. - `npx vitest run src/__tests__/heartbeat-process-recovery.test.ts -t "lease|dispatch|controller|interaction"`: 43 passed. - `npx vitest run src/services/heartbeat/run-completion.test.ts src/__tests__/heartbeat-orphaned-active-lease-sweep.test.ts`: 53 passed. - `npx vitest run src/__tests__/server-startup-feedback-export.test.ts`: passed. - `cd packages/db && npx vitest run src/work-signals.test.ts src/client-options.test.ts src/client-teardown-registry.test.ts`: 24 passed. `npx tsc --noEmit` for `packages/db` passed. - Not run locally: the full server `tsc` and the full server suite. The sandbox has a 4 GB memory limit, and `tsc` was killed (exit 137). CI is the gate for the server typecheck, the full tests, and the build. ## Risks - Each server process can open up to 2 more Postgres connections. Deployments that are at their `max_connections` limit must allow for them. The docs now say this. - A renewal attempt is now 4 statements (BEGIN, `set_config`, UPDATE, COMMIT) instead of 1. Each statement is a short primary-key operation on a dedicated connection. - If many runs wait on locked run rows at the same time, renewals for other runs can queue on the 2 private connections. The 10 second statement timeout limits each wait, which is less than the 60 second lease. - Behavior for a real lease loss does not change. A rejected renewal and a non-timeout error still stop the run at once, and the 60 second deadline still applies. ## Model Used - Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), Anthropic, used through Claude Code in agent mode with tool use (shell, file edit, and test execution). A read-only subagent helped with code search. ## Checklist - [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context to this change - [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability details) - [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate planned core work - [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked them above - [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes #` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant issue template - [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip` URLs) - [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`) and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details - [x] I have run tests locally and they pass - [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable - [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes - [x] I have considered and documented any risks above - [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green - [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups - [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before requesting merge 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) --------- Co-authored-by: devinfoley <139239+devinfoley@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>