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## Thinking Path > - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for work > - Native runs on a remote sandbox (Daytona) start a detached `paperclip-runnerd`. After a recoverable failure, the server resumes the same run and reattaches to that Runner > - On staging, `runner_remote_process_identity_unavailable` was the most frequent failure. The tasks stayed blocked until someone clicked Retry > - In 31 of the 34 failed runs the reattachment found the Runner gone with an unsettled `ready` journal (`runnerSettled: false`). The Runner was not lost by accident. The controller's own close stopped it with `SIGKILL`: close could not prove suspension within its 10 s budget, so it force-stopped the Runner in the middle of a turn > - The server then scheduled a same-run reattachment that could never succeed, because the close had just removed the Runner it needed > - This pull request keeps an unreachable remote Runner alive when a failed run closes. A Stop, a cancelled turn and a `stop_cleanup` recovery still stop it > - The benefit is that the same-run reattachment finds the live Runner. The Runner then settles into a `suspended` journal, which the existing relaunch path resumes. The task continues without Retry, and no provider work is replayed ## Linked Issues or Issue Description Refs #20853, #20907 **What happened?** Remote native runs failed with `runner_remote_process_identity_unavailable` and error code `native_continuation_requires_reconciliation`. The tasks were left blocked. In the failed runs the first attempt failed with a recoverable transport error, for example `provider_transport_failed: PRP command turn.start timed out`, `native_session_interrupted` or a server restart. The run log then showed `runner did not prove durable suspension before checkpoint` and `runner shutdown failed: Error: Durable recovery runner timed out.` The second string comes from `waitForProcess`, which sends `SIGKILL` when its deadline passes. The same-run reattachment ran 20–60 s later and reported `process_verification` / `process_not_running` with `runnerLifecycle: ready` and `runnerSettled: false`. Most of these runs had done provider work before the failure (turns and tool calls), so the automatic Retry correctly refused them (`provider_turn_unsettled`). **What did you expect to happen?** When a run fails for a reason that the server resumes on the same run, the close does not destroy the Runner that the reattachment needs. The reattachment adopts it, and the run continues without Retry and without a repeated tool effect. **Steps to reproduce** 1. Start a remote native run and let a turn start. 2. Make the Runner unreachable (a broken transport or a slow event pump), so that the turn fails and the close cannot prove suspension within its budget. 3. The close sends `SIGKILL` to the Runner. The same-run reattachment then fails with `runner_remote_process_identity_unavailable`, and the task is blocked. **Relation to open PRs** - #20853 covers the 3 runs whose journal was a settled `ready` cut (`runnerSettled: true`). This PR does not change that path. - #20907 makes the Runner's exit reason visible. It does not change recovery. This PR does not overlap with it. ## What Changed - `runnerd-codex-transport.ts`: `close(reason, { retainUnsettledRemoteRunner })` accepts a new option. When the option is set, the Runner is remote (a process launcher or an adopted Runner), the close is not a `stop_cleanup`, the Runner is still alive and suspension is not proven, the close does not stop the Runner. It skips the `waitForProcess` kill, the adopted-runner `SIGKILL` and `forceKill`. It still releases the controller route, writes the unsettled checkpoint and throws `NativeSessionCloseUnrecoverableError`, so the session stays quarantined and is never reused. The settlement diagnostic records `runnerRetained: true`, and a new diagnostic records `remote runner left alive unsettled for same-run reattachment`. - `HarnessNativeSession.close` asks for retention only when the session was not explicitly cancelled. After `cancel()` (Stop), it asks for the old behavior, so Stop still stops the Runner. - `CodexHarnessSession.close` passes the option to the transport. `HarnessSession.close` and `CodexAppServerTransport.close` accept the optional field. Callers that do not set it keep the old behavior. - Docs: `doc/execution-semantics.md` and `doc/run-log-events.md` describe the rule and the `runnerRetained` field. How the run continues: the reattaching controller adopts the live Runner. The Runner then completes the `runner.drain` and `runner.suspend` that the failed close queued, and exits with a settled `suspended` journal. That attempt fails as `native_runner_process_exited`, which the server resumes on the same run. The next reattachment finds the process gone with a settled `suspended` journal and relaunches the Runner over it (the existing path from #19745). If the Runner was only slow, it suspends by itself and the first reattachment relaunches. ## Verification - Red, on `master` with only the tests added: `runnerd-codex-transport-remote-retention.test.ts` fails 2 of 5 (`expected 'gone' to be 'alive'`): the close killed the Runner. `harness-driver-backend.test.ts -t "retain an unsettled"` fails 2 of 2. - Green with the fix: `cd packages/paperclip-runner && npx vitest run src/live/runnerd-codex-transport-remote-retention.test.ts src/backends/harness-driver-backend.test.ts`. - The staging shape: a real `paperclip-runnerd` started through a process launcher, a turn in progress, the Runner frozen with `SIGSTOP` during close. The close throws `NativeSessionCloseUnrecoverableError` with `runnerRetained: true`, the Runner stays alive, and its journal stays `ready`. - A second controller attaches through `adoptExistingRunner` (no duplicate launch). The Runner settles into `lifecycle: suspended` with an empty outbox and no pending terminal delivery, then exits. - An explicit cancellation, a caller that does not ask for retention, and a `stop_cleanup` close still stop the Runner. - Also run: `src/backends`, `src/drivers/codex`, `src/drivers/acpx/codex-acpx-driver.test.ts`, `src/drivers/acpx/codex-runtime-adapter.test.ts`, `src/native-session-runtime.test.ts` (1045 tests pass; 2 `spawnSync ETIMEDOUT` under full-parallel load pass alone), and all of `src/live/` (files that timed out under full-parallel load pass at `--maxWorkers=2`). - `npx tsc --noEmit -p packages/paperclip-runner/tsconfig.json` is clean. - `pnpm verify` selects a broad plan (exit 2) because `doc/execution-semantics.md` is a global CI input. CI supplies that coverage. - Not run: a live Daytona run. The fix is in the controller library that runs on the server, so it needs no new Runner image. ## Risks - Medium. A failed close now leaves an unreachable remote Runner alive instead of killing it. This is the same state a restart detach leaves today, and the same-run reattachment or a Stop cleanup owns it. - If the server does not resume the run on the same Runner, the Runner stays alive until something reattaches or the sandbox is released. Remote Runners have no reconnect deadline (`runnerProcessReconnectGraceMs: null`). Before this change they were killed. The close still quarantines the session, so it is never released for reuse. - Stop is unchanged: an explicit cancellation, `settleCancelledTurn` and `stop_cleanup` close without retention, so they still stop the Runner. - Previous-release story: this change adds and changes no persisted state. State that an older release left (a killed Runner with an unsettled `ready` journal) keeps its current handling: the named refusal `runner_remote_process_identity_unavailable` and a working Retry. Tasks already blocked on staging keep their Retry button. A deploy during a run changes nothing, because the decision is made in the closing process. - No wait is added before `turn.start`. The change only affects the failure path of close. ## Model Used - Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), via Claude Code with tool use (shell, file edits, test runs, read-only staging API reads). ## Checklist - [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context to this change - [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability details) - [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate planned core work - [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked them above - [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes #` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant issue template - [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip` URLs) - [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`) and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details - [x] I have run tests locally and they pass - [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable - [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes - [x] I have considered and documented any risks above - [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green - [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups - [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before requesting merge 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>