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## Thinking Path > - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for work > - Native runs execute through a Runner (`paperclip-runnerd`) inside a remote sandbox. A warm Daytona sandbox is reused by later runs. > - When a Runner exits before `session.open`, the run does a bounded same-run bootstrap retry. Durable evidence proves that no provider session and no provider event exist. > - The retry fails when the Runner wrote `runner-state.json` but exited before it wrote its provider state. Host preparation then calls the sandbox state "unavailable" and refuses with `runner_harness_state_mismatch: resumed_unavailable`. The task needs Retry. > - This pull request reads the Runner state on its own when the full check fails, but only for a proven bootstrap restart of the same run. A non-suspended Runner state of this run is then the run's own interrupted bootstrap, and the existing restart path moves it aside and claims a new session root. > - The benefit is that a Runner that exits before `session.open` on a reused sandbox recovers without a person. Saved state, a verified backup and every other mismatch keep their refusal. ## Linked Issues or Issue Description **What happened?** Restart-chaos wave `w-20261111T230537-s6402` (Claude through ACPX, Daytona warm sandboxes, `--ephemeral-server`, K1/K2/K15 with `--k15-fresh-home`, seed 6402) needed Retry on 4 of 6 tasks, with the same signature after each restart kind. The first attempt of each run reused the warm sandbox. Its Runner failed with `runner_ingress_bind_conflict: failed to bind listener: Address already in use` and exited with `lifecycle=connecting`. Recovery logged "Restarting an incomplete native runner bootstrap on the same heartbeat run". The second attempt reused the environment and failed with `runner_harness_state_mismatch: resumed_unavailable`. The earlier wave `w-20261111T212429-s6402` had one run with the same error code. **Root cause** `inspectRemoteHarnessState` in `server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.ts` checks the persistence directories, `runner-state.json` and the provider state file in one shell test. A Runner that exits at bind time wrote `runner-state.json` but no provider state, so the one test fails and the result is `incompleteReason: "unavailable"` before the Runner state is read. The restart path (`restartableBootstrapState`) accepts only `not_suspended` and `provider_unopened`, so it is skipped. `claimUntouchedRemoteSession` then cannot create the session root that the first attempt created, and the resumed branch throws `resumed_unavailable`. On a created lease the same state fell through without a restart. **Expected behavior** A proven, interrupted bootstrap of the same run restarts on the same sandbox. The run finishes without Retry. **Steps to reproduce** Run the s6402 cell above, or add `--runner-bind-fault` (this pull request) to force the Runner exit on every run's first launch. ## What Changed - `server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.ts`: when the full harness check fails during host preparation, `inspectOwnUnpreparedBootstrap` reads `runner-state.json` alone. It returns `not_suspended` for this run only when all of these are true: this run has a proven bootstrap restart (`bootstrap_incomplete` recovery plus the stop proof), no failover backup exists, no archived rotation snapshot is in use, and the Runner state names this run, this Runner instance and this session with a lifecycle other than `suspended`. Otherwise the result stays `unavailable`, as before. The existing restart path then moves the session root aside (it is kept, not deleted) and claims a new one. - Chaos coverage: `--runner-bind-fault` in `tests/restart-chaos` gives every server of the wave `PAPERCLIP_TEST_RUNNER_BIND_FAULT=first_launch`. With `NODE_ENV=test` only, the remote Runner launcher starts a short-lived listener on the Runner's listen port before a Runner's first launch on that server, so the Runner exits with a real `runner_ingress_bind_conflict`. Documented in `tests/restart-chaos/README.md`. ## Verification - Red on master: `pnpm --filter @paperclipai/server exec vitest run src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.test.ts -t "bootstraps only an untouched provider session"` failed 2 of the new cells. Resumed lease: `Error: runner_harness_state_mismatch: resumed_unavailable` (the staging error). Created lease: no restart happened (`expected [] to have a length of 1 but got +0`). - Green: the same cells pass. The negative cells keep `resumed_unavailable`: no restart proof, a Runner state of another run, a `suspended` Runner state with missing provider state, and a failover backup present. - `native-session-executor.test.ts`: 1406 of 1406 pass. A new test proves the bind fault holds the listen port (a second bind gets `EADDRINUSE`) and fires once per Runner instance. - `tests/restart-chaos`: `runner-bind-fault.test.ts`, `question-handoff.test.ts`, `shape-cells.test.ts` pass. Server and harness `tsc --noEmit` pass. - Chaos wave: see the comment below for the before/after counts. ## Risks - The new read runs only for a proven bootstrap restart of the same run with a failed full check, so the normal path has no extra command and no wait before `turn.start`. - A partly saved session (`suspended` Runner state without provider state), a Runner state of another run and any failover backup keep today's refusal. The moved-aside root is kept for inspection. - A Runner that started under an older server and is restarted by this version takes the same path, because it reads only files that older Runners already write. - The bind fault is test instrumentation. It is inert unless `NODE_ENV=test` and the variable are both set. ## Model Used - Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), Anthropic, through Claude Code with tool use (shell, file edit, test runs). Default context window, extended reasoning on. ## Checklist - [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context to this change - [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability details) - [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate planned core work - [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked them above - [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes #` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant issue template - [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip` URLs) - [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`) and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details - [x] I have run tests locally and they pass - [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable - [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes - [x] I have considered and documented any risks above - [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green - [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups - [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before requesting merge Related: #20928 (restart a Runner that exited before session.open), #20874, #20863, #20953. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) --------- Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>