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PaperClipAI/doc/plugins/PLUGIN_RUNNER_EXECUTION.md
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DottaandPaperclip 09ad9adce2 feat(server): adopt running remote agents through durable controller checkpoints (#17439)
## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip must keep admitted remote work alive while its main server
is replaced.
> - Runner owns recovery mechanics and exposes opaque checkpoints
through #17097.
> - The server owns company scope, encryption, Stop, tool authority and
execution ownership.
> - A successor must prove current ownership before it adopts the
original execution.
> - Checkpoint bursts must also leave capacity for normal requests and
lease renewal.
> - This PR persists and adopts that authority through the existing
runtime boundaries.

## Linked Issues or Issue Description

**What existing behavior does this improve?**

Remote agents retain the original execution during a bounded main-server
outage.

**Current behavior**

A server restart can lose the controller's local state and connection.
An unsafe replacement could repeat a turn or an uncertain mutation.
Checkpoint writes in the request pool can also delay ordinary requests
during an aligned burst.

**Proposed behavior**

Restore encrypted control records from Postgres and adopt the original
runner under a fenced lease. Recover known tool receipts through current
tool authority. Give control checkpoints a shared pool capped at two
connections per database owner.

Depends on #17097. Successors are #17455 and #17456. Qualification and
presentation remain separate review slices.

## What Changed

- Add company/run-bound encrypted checkpoint records and migration 0394.
Keep the SQL idempotent after renumbering against current master.
- Recover startup and expired ownership through native runtime and
heartbeat. Preserve the sandbox lease, admitted runner artifact, harness
configuration, native session and active turn.
- Keep Stop, finalization, preparation ownership and stale-writer
fencing transactional. Preserve graceful detach and natural crash
takeover.
- Recover committed tool receipts through the existing authority.
Reauthorize reads and hold uncertain mutations.
- Bound startup retention with the existing coordinator and preserve
zero idle scans.
- Share at most two checkpoint connections per database client. Keep
application and liveness capacity separate. Close the checkpoint pool
during shutdown; late writes cannot reopen it.
- Count SQL across both application and checkpoint clients. Prove
request/liveness progress, command recovery and failure after pool
shutdown with real Postgres.

## Verification

Project creation recovery now uses the existing project activity receipt
owner. It retains authenticated input normalization, fingerprint checks
and current run authority after the receipt lock. An absent receipt
returns no result before mutation. The new lost-HTTP-response and
no-effect regression uses real API routes and Postgres. The seven
transport cases pass locally. This Mac skips all 20 database cases. On
current source `5de803c2cd`, Linux [job
122593415890](https://github.com/paperclipai/paperclip/actions/runs/40620576702/job/122593415890)
executes all 20 project-tool cases successfully (9.480 seconds),
including the committed-project lost-response regression. Its shard
passes 1,627 cases with three unrelated skips. Server typecheck passes.
The transport regression initially has two failures; a subsequent
incorrect expectation about schema defaults was corrected before the
final pass. Ordinary execution adds no checkpoint writes or recurring
work.

Current candidate `5de803c2cd` includes the project-creation receipt
recovery fix and master `2cd747d1b6`. Migration 0394 retains the prior
idempotent checkpoint DDL. Every master SQL file and journal entry is
preserved. Snapshots 0390–0394, migration checks and server typecheck
pass.

The ordinary warm-turn regression fails on its second turn before
`a219ab51ad`. After correction, three completed warm turns select the
correct prior checkpoint and preserve the original session. All 288
provider-wiring cases pass. The control plane, external persistence
callback, identity rotation and filesystem are real; the backend and
database-load seam are scripted. The 13 warm admission/configuration
variants also pass after final master integration. This does not qualify
an underlying harness.

At current source `5de803c2cd`, Linux [job
122593415907](https://github.com/paperclipai/paperclip/actions/runs/40620576702/job/122593415907)
passes all 940 native-session-executor cases (61.431 seconds), including
the warm external-checkpoint behavior; the shard passes 2,358 cases with
one skip. Current [Runner job
122593415475](https://github.com/paperclipai/paperclip/actions/runs/40620576702/job/122593415475)
passes the native recovery lane: 115 passes and five container-only
skips, including the encrypted restore guard, fresh preparation (63.189
seconds), blocked claim lock (1.226 seconds) and recovery beyond 101
blocked owners (3.897 seconds). The first lane passes 2,215 cases with
one skip. The SQL cost test reports zero idle and streaming SQL for both
output volumes; this is component evidence, not a production capacity
claim. At prior candidate `1ff7bb44f4`, Linux job 122549307215 passes
all 938 native-executor cases, including the three-turn
external-checkpoint regression. Job 122549306469 passes the native
recovery lane with 115 passes and five container-only skips, including
the encrypted-restore session guard, fresh preparation (63.664 seconds),
claim-lock contention (3.961 seconds), and 101-owner recovery (3.824
seconds). This Mac skips the real-Postgres suite. The earlier full local
executor attempt has 921 passes and 16 failures during embedded-Postgres
initialization before assertions. The original fixture collisions and
their corrections remain recorded.

At earlier candidate `8fbe62b41d`, server shard job 122535673841 has
3,876 passes, one failure and one skip in an unchanged expiry-worker
retry/drain timing test. The same server/database tree on qualification
source `b64cac6951` passes all 20 expiry cases and all 3,877 shard
cases. The single diagnostic retry, job 122541891915, passes all 20
expiry cases and all 3,877 shard cases (one skip). No assertion was
weakened. The original failure remains recorded and its exact timing
race is not proven. All Actions checks and legacy status passed on
`8fbe62b41d`, with completed Greptile 5/5 and no open feedback. The next
candidate `1ff7bb44f4` also passed all Actions checks and Greptile 5/5.
Its Paperclip Review remained queued before the new master conflict
required integration. The new candidate needs fresh exact-head CI and
reviews; old checks do not qualify it. Migration generation is
checkpoint-only, all master SQL and journal entries remain unchanged,
and migration checks, server typecheck and all 13 warm-owner variants
pass after integration. The first migration check was blocked by TSX
sandbox IPC; its permitted repeat passes. The first warm-test command
used an incorrect path and ran no tests; the corrected command supplies
the 13-case receipt.

All 16 database pool-lifetime/options/teardown cases pass after granting
loopback permission; the first batch had two EPERM failures and 14
passes. Earlier semantic-tool/HTTP recovery, adoption, encryption-batch,
zero-streaming-write and idle-SQL receipts remain source-attributed in
the [qualification
record](https://github.com/paperclipai/paperclip/blob/2ff66f57da0da35bac1c19a2366ea4b84d87a986/doc/plans/2026-10-22-hot-upgrade-qualification.md).
That record retains earlier assertion, setup and cleanup failures and
their corrections. No failed gate is waived.

The historical 300-session component campaign passes four after phases:
steady read p99 is 107–108 ms at 500 reads/s and 100 writes/s;
aligned-burst read p99 is 103–105 ms after the bounded pool, versus
584–689 ms before. This comparison isolates the persistence corrections.
It does not measure the final stack's hosted active-agent capacity. The
hosted zero-agent API pair leaves SQL and CPU essentially unchanged, but
both arms fail absolute latency gates and candidate peak cgroup memory
fails its gate. The active-agent/viewer matrix, different-artifact
upgrade and rollback remain open.

Run `PAPERCLIP_TEST_DATABASE_URL=<owned-disposable-postgres> pnpm
--filter @paperclipai/server exec vitest run
src/services/native-runtime/native-runner-restart-recovery.integration.test.ts`.

Previous head `f2db8a6568` had one failed workspace setup gate: [job
122555672441](https://github.com/paperclipai/paperclip/actions/runs/40608984238/job/122555672441)
passes all 4,169 UI tests and 285 CLI cases (one skip), but the company
import/export suite reaches its 30-second health deadline during doctor
startup. Its output does not reach the server-start step. The CLI,
server, database, shared, adapter and plugin trees are identical on
qualification source `a866619d7b`, whose [job
122555886663](https://github.com/paperclipai/paperclip/actions/runs/40609057937/job/122555886663)
passes that fixture and all 286 CLI cases. The one diagnostic retry,
[job
122561057225](https://github.com/paperclipai/paperclip/actions/runs/40608984238/job/122561057225),
passes the formerly failing fixture and all 286 CLI cases. All Actions
checks and legacy status on `f2db8a6568` pass. Its exact-head Greptile
completed at 5/5 with no open feedback. The current integrated head
requires fresh checks and a completed Paperclip Review before merge. The
original failure remains recorded; its exact timing cause is unproven. A
repeated failure requires investigation and repair rather than another
retry.

All current-head CI, legacy status, exact-head completed Greptile 5/5,
resolved feedback and ordinary GitHub merge eligibility remain required
before merge.

The latest integration preserves master’s published Copilot v70 profiles
and every published migration. Checkpoint migration
`0394_conscious_whizzer.sql` was generated with `pnpm db:generate` and
retains the prior idempotent DDL. The Runner vendor rebuild and replay
parity checks pass. Server typecheck and all 13 warm-owner variants pass
after that rebuild. The imported report-lock patch is byte-identical to
master; its intentional patch-context whitespace is retained, and the
feature delta passes whitespace checks. No hosted experiment was run.

## Risks

The pool adds up to two active connections per instance, shared across
agents. Checkpoint delivery can wait behind that bound; it still
requires its commit. Steady component-test Postgres CPU rises by about
1.7 percentage points of a two-CPU allocation. These corrections do not
remove the stack's control and renewal writes. The migration and key
must survive replacement. Fresh-database tests and local load do not
establish different-artifact hosted upgrade or rollback continuity.

## Model Used

OpenAI GPT-6 through Codex, with reasoning, repository tools and code
execution. The runtime does not expose a more specific model ID or
context-window size.

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate
planned core work
- [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked
them above
- [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes
#` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant
issue template
- [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or
links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip`
URLs)
- [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`)
and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details
- [ ] I have run tests locally and they pass
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green
- [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

---------

Co-authored-by: Paperclip <noreply@paperclip.ing>
2026-10-27 21:39:23 -05:00

13 KiB

Plugin Runner execution

Core can run paperclip_runner tasks in a plugin environment. The plugin owns the execution host and its files. Core owns run identity, selected policy, assigned tools, and the PRP journal.

Required hooks

Set supportsTasks: true on the environment driver. Declare the environment.drivers.register capability. Implement these hooks:

  • onEnvironmentAcquireLease
  • onEnvironmentTask
  • onEnvironmentReleaseLease
  • onEnvironmentDestroyLease

Task execution does not require onEnvironmentExecute or onEnvironmentRealizeWorkspace. The task API has no shell command or file installation operation. Use a separate workflow to install agent files. Providers that advertise workspaceFileReadVersion: 1 can return task output files through the bounded read_file operation for attachments and deliverables.

Core supports per-turn workspace sessions with Codex, OpenCode, and ACPX. OpenCode and ACPX require the existing qualified provider profiles. Workspace-free providers are not supported here. Drivers opt into warm retention through warmTaskVersion: 1. Core prefers warm execution for new task runs on capable drivers, including ACPX; existing provider admission still determines which harnesses the driver supports. The plugin owns project workspace preparation. Core does not prepare or reuse a Core Git worktree for a task-only environment. Selecting a plain task directory does not add redundant default configuration. Retaining that directory does not itself change the run configuration. For plugin-backed project storage, Core uses the workspace provider contract. The storage plugin must also provide the selected execution environment. Its declared workspace modes and strategies remain in effect. Core passes the pinned workspace binding with each task operation. Core rejects configured workspace services for task-only environments. Fresh retries that import retained files are not supported for plugin storage. An agent-owned workspace cannot move to another agent or environment. Core also rejects reuse of a local workspace in a task-only environment. Keep its original owner, or use the workspace storage provider contract.

Prepare and launch

  1. Return an opaque task ID from lease acquisition as providerLeaseId.
  2. Return the installed Runner version and SHA-256 digest from describe.
  3. Return launchPreparationVersion: 1 from describe.
  4. Handle prepare with the launch preparation contract.
  5. Save the result under its configuration ID.
  6. Handle submit with that ID in preparedLaunchId.
  7. Return an authenticated WSS endpoint from connection.

Preparation must not start a process. It must preserve Core's provider, model, policy, instructions, and resource assignment identities. Resolve assigned resources to execution-host paths. Use bindRunnerLaunchResources and createRunnerProviderLaunch when the built-in descriptor builder is suitable.

Core checks the returned requirements digest and descriptor before it registers PRP or submits the task. A failed check does not enable a fallback launch. Recovery within the same run must return the exact saved configuration.

The plugin supplies executable paths and the provider workspace in the descriptor. It owns the process environment and account installation. For example, a persistent computer can use these locations:

HOME=/home/agent
AGENT_HOME=/home/agent/.agents
CODEX_HOME=/home/agent/.codex
instructions=/home/agent/.agents/AGENTS.md
skills=/home/agent/.agents/skills/<name>/SKILL.md

These are execution-host locations. Core does not copy the home for each run. The plugin must declare projectAuthCheckVersion: 1 for all native tasks. Core requires an allowed check_project_auth result, or a prepared result with projectAuthCheckAtSubmit: true. The latter delegates the check to the trusted plugin's submit handler before credential installation or task start. The plugin must reject conflicting project or parent authentication settings. It must keep the checked configuration fixed until submission. See launch authentication validation.

Core sends authorized project IDs, the PRP identity, launch limits, and the bootstrap ticket through submit. It does not send a process command. The plugin must submit each task at most once. A lost reply requires status reconciliation for the same task.

Credentials and tools

Core can transfer a selected Codex account or a direct Claude credential. Other managed routes fail closed until they have a typed credential contract. Do not put credentials in task metadata, journals, logs, or errors.

Assigned MCP tools run through the Core gateway over PRP. The gateway credentials stay on Core. The plugin must preserve the MCP binding identity in the prepared context.

Core records credential writeback authority before dispatch. After process termination, Core saves refreshed credentials before it completes the task. A failed save retains the task grants for cleanup.

Stop and recovery

A terminal phase does not prove process termination. Return executionStopped: true only after the task and its descendants stop. Return sessionStateAvailable: true only when the suspended state remains usable. Keep retained state when Core completes the task. Core checks managed plugin workspaces through their storage provider before completion, including after a restart. Core does not inspect these folders locally. If this check fails, Core defers the run and continues recovery for other runs. Core keeps known branch and owner error codes with the repair instructions.

The task contract exposes two checkpoint operations:

  • read_state returns the exact Runner durable state for the supplied identity.
  • archive_state moves a suspended Runner authority checkpoint under the supplied archive key. It returns the same state on retry. It keeps provider session files.

These operations do not accept paths. Core checks the active lease and retained source task before it calls the plugin. The existing Runner transport validates state identity and suspension before it rotates authority.

For controller replacement, Core restores its encrypted PRP journal from Postgres and reuses the original active task lease. The task owner checks running status and exact Runner identity, then reacquires the connection. It does not call prepare, submit, or stop. The running artifact remains pinned even if describe reports a newer installed version. Launch preparation files on the old controller are not required to adopt an already running task. The five-minute outage contract and its prerequisites are described in the continuity recipe.

Core checks company, agent, environment, workspace, driver, and termination receipts before it supplies resumeFrom. Historical controller recovery without the durable journal first stops and releases the old task. A failed stop prevents replacement. A new run prepares its current assignments. Provider compatibility checks remain in the existing backends. Missing or incompatible retained state fails closed.

Setup verification

Core creates a private probe lease with an expiry. It runs the same describe, prepare, submit, and WSS/PRP path. The probe checks provider authentication and the selected model with tools denied. Core bounds Runner lifetime to the remaining probe time. It then requires suspension, confirmed termination, and task cleanup. For a new agent-owned computer, the saved-agent lifecycle runs verification after it saves the agent. Core does not require a computer before this save.

Verification

The Runner fixture uses a synthetic Codex provider and local sockets. It does not qualify a deployed plugin, live account, or production WSS proxy.

Workspace completion and maintenance

A storage provider can declare workspaceProvider.finalizationVersion: 1. Core then sends workspaceOperation with operation.kind: "finalize", the retained binding, lifecycle generation, and originating runId and agentId. The operation must verify workspace identity and make the run's retained writes durable before returning { kind: "finalized", headSha, branchName }. Git workspaces must still report the assigned branch. Non-Git workspaces return null Git fields.

Completion permits dirty, untracked, ignored, and unpublished work. It does not prove remote recoverability or authorize deletion. The provider chooses how to meet this contract; Core does not prescribe a VM, filesystem, or Git layout. Core gives completion a 30-second deadline. An unavailable execution host or an unconfirmed durability barrier must fail retryably, never return success. Recovery receives the original run and agent context.

The existing agent-independent inspect and remove operations continue to protect storage maintenance. Providers that do not declare finalization version 1 retain the inspection-based completion path. No stored binding migration is required.

Warm task retention

A driver declares warmTaskVersion: 1, implements onEnvironmentResumeLease, and returns warmTaskVersion: 1 from describe only when its execution host supports authorized run attachment. Newly hired agents targeting such a driver are configured for warm execution. Existing agents keep their explicit policy; plugin runs without an explicit policy prefer warm execution. There is no provider-specific warm gate or additional setting. Existing runs retain their admitted lifecycle policy during restart recovery. The existing runnerIdleTimeoutMs controls bounded retention. Fresh warm admission requires a Core-managed credential identity before lease acquisition. Plugin-owned installed accounts continue per-turn until such an identity is available; the saved warm preference does not bypass account ownership checks. Drivers without warm capability and setup probes remain ephemeral.

Plugin task execution does not create a Core-managed GitHub broker. Warm reuse and restart recovery use the same broker-ownership rule as initial startup. Project authorization is still checked for each new run.

A Launcher task owns one Runner process, independently of Core heartbeat runs. Successful warm run completion retains the task and its mounts. The reuse fingerprint includes the authorized project set; changing it retires the previous task before checkpoint recovery. Adoption and each warm handoff require a current, configuration-bound project-auth check against the exact retained mount scope. Core atomically hands its retained provider identity to one new run lease, revalidates current project authentication, prepares the new run's resources, and uses PRP run.attach. Preparation includes the exact priorIdentity and stable accountIdentity. The provider journals that transition idempotently before allowing the new authority. The original ingress address remains unchanged. Runner accepts connection: { mode: "external" } on warm attachment to preserve the process owner's listener and TLS settings while rotating the run identity.

Idle retirement suspends and stops Runner, saves its exact checkpoint, writes credentials through the durable lease handoff, then completes the provider task. Core permits read-only suspension proof for the exact saved identity of a successful warm run after its reuse lease is retained or superseded. This does not authorize new work or file access through that lease. Temporary credential homes are not needed after the originating run ends. Termination receipts cover all run leases that owned the retired physical task. A stopped task gets a new provider task ID for checkpoint resumption. Inspection precedes in-memory session selection so a replacement cannot inherit the stopped session. Core saves the fresh provider expiry and forwards and enforces any caller-imposed deadline. A missing or unreachable computer never authorizes a replacement. Controller recovery can adopt a verified surviving idle process through its authenticated PRP connection; ambiguous transitions remain fenced by the existing durable recovery checks.

Changes to account, credential generation, workspace, runtime or process policy retire the old owner before recovery. A new authority epoch archives the stopped checkpoint under its stable archive key and preserves provider session files. Warm status monitoring relies on PRP after startup and does not poll an idle Launcher. ACPX uses this task-provider contract; other execution transports retain their provider-specific lifecycle policies.