---
navigation: {"section":"Projects and execution","sectionOrder":40,"order":40}
---

# Execution environments

Operators configure where agents execute, probe readiness, select an environment for work, and inspect remote provisioning or custom-image state when the installed provider supports it.

Feature ID: `execution-environments`.

Implementation: [environment settings](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.tsx), [environment runtime](../../server/src/services/environment-runtime.ts).

Agent access: [companion](../agent-access-map/execution-environments.md).

## Sub-features

- `configuration`: `execution-environments/configuration` — inspect local environments and configure available SSH/sandbox targets.
- `capabilities`: `execution-environments/capabilities` — select only drivers/providers that advertise the required execution capability.
- `probe`: `execution-environments/probe` — test reachability and runtime prerequisites in the actual target.
- `assignment`: `execution-environments/assignment` — bind the intended agent/project/workspace to its execution target.
- `images`: `execution-environments/images` — inspect supported sandbox custom-image preparation and terminal workflows.

## How to get to it (user POV)

### `environment-settings`

Open Settings → Environments, then create/edit a supported target.
The canonical URL is `/company/settings/instance/environments`. Enable
`enableEnvironments` first; keep `enableManagedSandboxOnly` off to inspect local
targets. The catalog is instance-scoped and mutation requires a local operator
or instance administrator.

### `remote-execution`

Choose the environment in agent/project/workspace configuration, then inspect the resulting task/run and workspace.

## Driving it with Playwright and the Paperclip CLI

Preconditions: follow the [baseline](./README.md#before-driving-a-journey). Use an owned disposable target and a supported provider plugin. Record provider, target identity, account, and spending constraints before a live remote run.

### `environment-settings`

Automated: [environment UI](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.test.tsx), [driver configuration UI](../../ui/src/pages/CompanySettings.test.tsx), and [environment service](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-service.test.ts) cover configuration behavior.

Manual: Save a disposable target, reload it, and run its available probe. Verify both success and missing-credential/reachability errors identify the target. Confirm unavailable providers are not offered as working run targets.

For an immutable sandbox image, pin the OCI image with `@sha256`, or select
a Daytona snapshot whose provider ID can be verified, and explicitly probe the saved environment in the intended company. The existing connection
probe allocates a fresh lease and can measure its OS, architecture and libc.
Qualification is recorded only when the selected image/configuration matches
the live lease and cleanup is confirmed. Inspect `platformQualificationRecorded`
and its diagnostic in the probe result: connection success alone does not mean
the image has native runtime qualification.

The measured record is server-owned, company-bound and tied to the effective
configuration and active custom-image identity. Mutable tags, provider defaults
and snapshots without verified provider identities do not qualify. Daytona
qualification creates by provider ID and binds native execution to that same ID;
a deleted ID fails instead of resolving a replacement name. Changing the target,
account, image or active captured template invalidates
the record; normal metadata edits cannot forge or overwrite it, and API reads
omit the private metadata. Reading this evidence for discovery or creation does
not allocate a sandbox. The draft `probe-config` checks are not a saved-image
qualification operation. See the [runtime contract](../../packages/paperclip-runner/README.md)
and [adapter validation recipe](./runs-adapters.md#adapter-setup) for native
binary/provider readiness after platform qualification.

Verification recipe: probe a pinned owned image, record its company/config/image
identity and cleanup result, then change the image or target and verify its old
qualification is not reused. A mutable-image connection can succeed while
qualification remains absent. Assert ordinary agent and non-admin board probe
requests are denied, and environment create/PATCH payloads cannot supply
qualification metadata.
This recipe and its [probe controls](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-probe.test.ts)
are not claims that a live provider or agent-access journey ran for this map update.

The local row has no UI Test button. Its API/CLI probe reports host/cwd
availability only; it does not validate an adapter binary, workspace, or task
execution. Remote-driver probes and a real bounded run need their own evidence.

### `remote-execution`

For `paperclip_runner`, a saved plugin environment can provide per-turn Runner
execution when its manifest and worker expose the Runner task API. The task
contract starts a provider-owned Runner without shell or workspace hooks. Core
resolves the saved lease, connects through PRP, and verifies stop before lease
cleanup. The provider owns the installed agent home and retained session files;
data transfer is outside task execution. See the
[plugin contract](../../doc/plugins/PLUGIN_RUNNER_EXECUTION.md).
The [fake-provider integration](../../server/src/__tests__/plugin-runner-task.integration.test.ts)
checks acquisition, SDK dispatch, scope denial, stop proof and deletion recovery.
Its WebSocket is mocked; it does not qualify a live provider or a real Runner handshake.

Automated: [execution target](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-execution-target.test.ts) and [custom images](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-custom-images-service.test.ts) cover contracts; [SSH live test](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-live-ssh.test.ts) requires its own external setup.

The [environment runtime regression](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-runtime.test.ts)
also covers sandbox reuse after a start longer than one minute. Acquisition
uses the configured or provider-declared startup budget for resume and shares
one deadline across retries. Failure preserves the recorded sandbox. This
controlled timing check does not establish live provider acceptance.

Manual: Run a bounded command in the intended target, inspect its output and workspace, and verify execution did not silently fall back to the server host. For custom-image changes, build/probe the disposable image before assigning it. Inspect cleanup and shutdown after the run.

## Gotchas

- A probe is narrower evidence than a complete task with tools, files, and resumption.
- Platform qualification does not authenticate a model account or qualify every
  harness; the selected native runtime still needs its own setup and useful-task proof.
- The local option may appear only when editing an existing local environment; availability follows current UI/provider capabilities.
- Workspace service reachability and environment reachability are separate checks.

The task-only setup path uses a Core-issued expiring probe identity and a real,
read-only Runner hello. The plugin checks project authentication before provider startup.
[Setup probe coverage](../../server/src/services/native-runtime/plugin-runner-probe.test.ts)
uses the real Runner and a synthetic Codex provider through loopback PRP; TLS
termination is replaced by the fixture. It does not qualify a live plugin provider.

The plugin prepares execution-host resources and the provider descriptor. Core validates the result, then supplies task identity and PRP launch limits.

### Storybook verification

#### `configuration`

Capability ID: `execution-environments/configuration`.

Scope: ui
Storybook: Local/SSH/sandbox editors; unavailable providers, missing credentials, save pending/error and restricted operator.
Production: Persist target configuration and enforce instance-admin/local-operator mutation boundary; target catalog is instance-scoped.
Sources: Source: [CompanyEnvironments.tsx](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.tsx), [environments.ts](../../server/src/routes/environments.ts). Tests: [CompanyEnvironments.test.tsx](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.test.tsx), [environment-service.test.ts](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-service.test.ts)

#### `capabilities`

Capability ID: `execution-environments/capabilities`.

Scope: ui
Storybook: Supported versus unavailable driver/provider controls and interactive-setup/template-capture limitations.
Production: Verify advertised driver/plugin capabilities match operations; unavailable provider cannot become working target; capability discovery must not allocate sandbox.
Sources: Source: [CompanyEnvironments.tsx](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.tsx), [environments.ts](../../ui/src/api/environments.ts). Tests: [environment-capability-contract.test.ts](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-capability-contract.test.ts), [environment-execution-target-capabilities.test.ts](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-execution-target-capabilities.test.ts), [plugin-environment-driver-sandbox-capabilities.test.ts](../../server/src/__tests__/plugin-environment-driver-sandbox-capabilities.test.ts)

#### `probe`

Capability ID: `execution-environments/probe`.

Scope: ui
Storybook: Remote Test pending, success, reachability/auth failure and platform qualification absent/invalidated notice.
Production: Probe actual owned target; verify selected saved immutable config/image/company qualification plus lease cleanup; local API probe proves host/cwd only and has no UI Test button.
Sources: Source: [CompanyEnvironments.tsx](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.tsx), [environment-probe.ts](../../server/src/services/environment-probe.ts). Tests: [CompanyEnvironments.test.tsx](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.test.tsx), [environment-probe.test.ts](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-probe.test.ts), [environment-live-ssh.test.ts](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-live-ssh.test.ts)

#### `images`

Capability ID: `execution-environments/images`.

Scope: ui
Storybook: Custom-image setup/capture/progress, terminal connect/disconnect/failure, unsupported capability and active-image drift.
Production: Execute owned provider setup/capture/probe/terminal transport with correct saved image identity, authority, cleanup and shutdown; terminal screenshot cannot prove operation.
Sources: Source: [CompanyEnvironments.tsx](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.tsx), [environment-custom-images.ts](../../server/src/services/environment-custom-images.ts). Tests: [CompanyEnvironments.test.tsx](../../ui/src/pages/CompanyEnvironments.test.tsx), [environment-custom-images-service.test.ts](../../server/src/__tests__/environment-custom-images-service.test.ts)

Managed account transfer requires `projectAuthCheckVersion: 1` and a successful
`check_project_auth` result for the exact prepared configuration, provider, and
project set. New preparation removes old validation. Core checks the saved
validation again in the dispatch update.