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Author SHA1 Message Date
DottaandClaude Opus 5.5 ff53eb84db feat(recovery): add OwnerStamp and proveOwnerGone (gone | alive | unprovable) (#19853)
## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for
work
> - Restart recovery must decide when a dead process's in-progress
record may be released
> - About 31 sites decide "owner gone" today, with different rules for
EPERM, PID reuse and other hosts (Phase 0 inventory, finding 1)
> - The durable ownership plan (section A) asks for one owner stamp and
one prover that returns `gone | alive | unprovable`
> - This pull request adds that stamp and prover. Nothing calls it yet;
the next PR uses it in a report-only reconciler
> - The benefit is one tested definition of "owner gone" that later
phases move each record kind onto

## Linked Issues or Issue Description

Refs #19831 (plan, section A and Phase 1). Refs #19846 (Phase 0
inventory). Refs #19848 (Track 1: 1 s start-time gap and EPERM as
alive). Stacked on #19851.

**Problem**
Each subsystem proves "owner gone" with its own rules. Some accept a
dead PID on another host as proof. None returns "unprovable".

**Expected behavior**
One prover with one set of rules. A different host and an expired fence
alone are never proof. "Unprovable" never releases a record.

**Impact**
This is the primitive that Phase 1's report-only reconciler and Phase
2's migrations use.

## What Changed

- New `server/src/services/owner-proof.ts`:
- `OwnerStamp`: a local stamp (`host`, `processSpace`, `bootId`, `pid`,
`processStartedAt`, `processGroupId`, `generation`, `scope`) or a remote
stamp (`fenceToken`, `generation`, `scope`, `provider`).
- `proveOwnerGone(stamp, …)` returns `{ verdict: "gone" | "alive" |
"unprovable", reason }`.
- Local rules: this boot is alive; the stamp must name this host and PID
space (host, kernel boot, PID namespace); the PID must be dead or reused
(start-time gap of at least 1 s, via Track 1's
`processStartsDefinitelyDiffer`); EPERM is alive; the process group must
be empty or led by a newer process.
- Remote rules: a superseded fence token or generation is gone; a
provider stop proof is gone; a held fence is alive; a matching fence
that only expired is unprovable. Process liveness is never consulted for
a remote owner.
- `currentLocalOwnerStamp()` reads only cached identity, so writing a
stamp adds no OS call to the turn path.
- `controller-process-identity.ts` exports `observedProcessStartedAt`
and `UNKNOWN_PROCESS_SPACE` for the prover.
- New `owner-proof.test.ts`: the proof matrix (EPERM, ESRCH, PID reuse
inside and at 1 s, unreadable start time, a different host, a different
or unknown PID space, process groups, a held, superseded, expired or
provider-proved remote fence).

## Verification

- `npx vitest run src/services/owner-proof.test.ts` (in `server/`): 20
tests pass.
- `npx tsc --noEmit -p server`: no errors.

## Risks

- Low risk. No caller uses the prover yet, so no behavior changes.
- Previous-release story (`rules/upgrade-safe-run-state.mdc`): no
persisted shape changes. Stamps from older rows that lack fields return
`unprovable` (`missing_identity`), which never releases a record.
- Track 1 is still fixing proofs in place. The prover reuses Track 1's
helpers (`processExists`, `processStartsDefinitelyDiffer`), so a later
Track 1 rule change applies here too.

## Model Used

- Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), Anthropic, in Claude Code with
tool use and code execution.

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate
planned core work
- [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked
them above
- [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes
#` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant
issue template
- [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or
links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip`
URLs)
- [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`)
and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details
- [x] I have run tests locally and they pass
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green
- [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-11-07 13:04:55 -06:00
DottaandClaude Opus 5.5 51c352ec2e fix(skills): release a runtime skill-cache lock whose holder provably exited (#19849)
## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for
work
> - Before a run starts, the server builds a read-only cache of each
company skill under a cross-process file lock
> - The lock records only a pid and a hostname, so a crash leaves a lock
that nothing can release
> - If the holder pid is dead on the same host, the next run fails and
asks for manual cleanup. If the host name differs, the next run waits 60
s and then fails
> - This is on the turn path, so one crash during a skill build breaks
later runs that use that skill
> - This pull request records the shared controller process identity in
the lock and releases the lock at once when `controllerProcessExited`
proves the holder is gone
> - The benefit is that a crash during a skill build no longer blocks
later runs, and the release never relies on lock age or another host

## Linked Issues or Issue Description

**Bug description**
The Phase 0 ownership inventory (finding 4) lists the runtime
skill-cache lock (`runtime-skill-cache.ts`) as a record that nothing
releases automatically. When a publisher crashes while it holds
`<skillId>.lock`, every later preparation of that skill fails.

**Steps to reproduce**
1. Start a skill cache build, then kill the server process while it
holds the lock.
2. Restart and start a run that uses the same skill.
3. Preparation fails with "Runtime skill cache publisher exited; remove
its stale publication lock before retrying". For a holder whose host
name differs, it fails after 60 s with "publisher is busy".

**Expected behavior**
A lock whose holder has provably exited is released, and the build
continues without waiting. A holder that cannot be proven gone is still
waited for.

Refs #19846

## What Changed

- `controller-process-identity.ts`: add
`currentControllerProcessStamp()`. It returns this process's identity
with no I/O, so the turn path gets no new wait.
- `runtime-skill-cache.ts`: the lock owner file now also stores
`controller` (boot id, pid, PID-space hash, start time if already
known). `pid` and `host` stay so older readers still work.
- New `runtimeSkillCacheLockHolderExited`: true only when
`controllerProcessExited` proves the holder gone. Another host or PID
namespace, an unknown space, a legacy lock without `controller`, a live
pid, and this process all return false.
- On proof, waiters race for one exclusive claim named by the stale
holder's unique token (`<lock>.released-<token>`). Only the winner
unlinks the lock, and only while it still has the stale inode. The claim
is kept, so a late waiter does nothing. The waiter then retries the link
right away instead of after the 20 ms poll.
- A live holder is re-proved at most once a second.
`controllerProcessExited` skips the start-time probe (`ps` on macOS)
when no start time was recorded.
- The busy error now names the lock path. The same-host "publisher
exited" hard failure is removed.

## Verification

- `npx vitest run src/__tests__/runtime-skill-cache.test.ts
src/services/controller-process-identity.test.ts`: 28 passed, rebased on
master after #19848.
- New case "takes over a release claim whose claimer exited before
removing the stale lock" covers the second Greptile finding.
- New case "never removes a newer lock for a waiter that read a stale
one late" covers the Greptile P1.
- New case "releases a publication lock at once when its holder provably
exited". On the old code it fails with "Runtime skill cache publisher
exited; remove its stale publication lock before retrying". On the new
code it builds in well under 5 s and leaves no lock.
- New case "never treats age, another host, or a legacy holder as
proof": a different host hash, a legacy `{pid, host}` lock, a live pid,
this process, and malformed content all stay held.
- Server `tsc --noEmit` shows no errors in the changed files.

## Risks

- Previous-release story: a lock written by the previous release has no
`controller` field. It is unprovable. The waiter waits 60 s and fails as
before, and the error now names the path to remove. A new lock still
carries `pid` and `host`, so a previous-release reader behaves as
before.
- Lock release race: while a stale lock exists, only the single claim
winner can remove it, and the inode check cannot match a newer lock
because the stale holder's owner file stays and pins that inode. A claim
whose claimer crashed is itself released by the same proof (depth
bounded at 2).
- Each released lock leaves one small claim file and the dead holder's
owner file next to it.
- No new I/O before `turn.start`. The stamp is synchronous. The proof
runs only when the lock is contended.

## Model Used

- Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), Anthropic, used with tool use and
code execution in Claude Code.

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate
planned core work
- [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked
them above
- [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes
#` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant
issue template
- [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or
links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip`
URLs)
- [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`)
and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details
- [x] I have run tests locally and they pass
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green
- [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-11-07 11:51:25 -06:00
DottaandClaude Opus 5.5 68db7ed9e3 fix(recovery): never accept a dead local pid as proof for an owner on another host (#19868)
## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for
work
> - After a restart, recovery decides that an in-progress record's owner
is gone and takes it over
> - Two of those proofs use `kill(pid, 0)` on the local host. A pid that
is dead here says nothing about a process on another host or in another
PID namespace
> - So a controller or runtime-control owner that is still alive
elsewhere can be taken over while it still runs
> - This pull request records the owner's PID space (the existing
`controller-process-identity` host hash) and judges a pid only in that
same space
> - The benefit is that a different host is never proof. Those records
follow their existing lease or TTL instead

## Linked Issues or Issue Description

**Bug description**
The Phase 0 ownership inventory (finding 2) found three proofs that
accept "the pid is dead here" as proof for an owner on another host:
`evaluateNativeControllerTakeover` (`native_run_finalizations` has no
host column), the runtime-control sweep (`workspace-operations.ts`), and
the orphan reaper `terminalizeOrphanedRunningRun`. Only
`controllerProcessExited` checked the host.

**Steps to reproduce**
1. Run two control-plane processes on different hosts, or in different
PID namespaces, against one database.
2. Let host A own a native finalization lease or a runtime-control
operation.
3. On host B, run restart recovery. If A's pid number is not alive on B,
B takes over the live owner.

**Expected behavior**
An owner whose PID space differs from this process's, or cannot be read,
is unprovable. Its record waits for its lease, fence, or TTL.

Refs #19846

## What Changed

- Migration `0441`: add nullable
`native_run_finalizations.controller_host_hash`.
- `controller-process-identity.ts`: export `currentProcessSpaceHash()`
and `sameProcessSpace()`. An unreadable space is stored as `"unknown"`,
which never matches.
- `native-restart-recovery.ts`: `currentNativeControllerIdentity`
carries `hostHash`, which both coordinator claim writes
(`native-restart-recovery.ts`, `native-session-executor.ts`) store.
`evaluateNativeControllerTakeover` returns `controller_host_unprovable`
before any pid probe when the recorded space is not this one.
`native-dead-controller-result-lease.ts` selects the column.
- `workspace-operations.ts`: runtime-control owner stamps record
`hostHash`. `ownerProcessProvenGone` requires the same PID space (EPERM
= alive), otherwise the existing staleness TTL applies.
- Not in this PR: the orphan reaper `terminalizeOrphanedRunningRun`.
`heartbeat_runs` has no host for `process_pid`, and its writers are
spread across legacy and native paths. It follows as a separate PR with
its own column.

## Verification

- `npx vitest run
src/services/native-runtime/native-restart-recovery.test.ts
src/__tests__/workspace-runtime-control-recovery.test.ts`: 55 passed.
New cases cover another host and an unreadable space (dead and recycled
pid) for takeover, plus another host, unreadable space, and legacy stamp
for the sweep. The sweep cases also confirm that the TTL still reclaims
after the heartbeat lapses.
- Red before the fix: the 5 new cases fail on the old code. Green after.
- `native-controller-recovery.integration.test.ts`,
`native-failed-run-owner-release.test.ts`,
`native-startup-cleanup-recovery.test.ts`: 71 passed.
- `pnpm db:generate` produced `0441_lucky_chameleon.sql` (one `ADD
COLUMN`) and pruned to five snapshots. `pnpm --filter @paperclipai/db
check:migrations` passed. Server `tsc --noEmit` shows no errors in the
changed files.

## Risks

- Previous-release story: `native_run_finalizations` rows saved before
this column have `controller_host_hash = null`. They keep the previous
local dead-pid proof for this release. Making them unprovable would
leave every native run in flight at the upgrade in `awaiting_evidence`
with no TTL, because local takeovers have no lease fallback. Rows
written by this release onward are strict. Runtime-control stamps
without `hostHash` are strict now, because that path has a staleness
TTL.
- Owners built from other receipts (workspace finalization owner,
workspace stop proof) pass no host and keep the previous behavior. Track
2's shared `OwnerStamp` should absorb them.
- A new row on a host that really moved (redeploy onto a new machine)
waits for its lease or an operator instead of being taken over by pid.
That is the intended "different host is never proof" rule.
- No new I/O before `turn.start`. The hash is computed once at module
load.

## Model Used

- Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), Anthropic, used with tool use and
code execution in Claude Code.

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate
planned core work
- [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked
them above
- [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes
#` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant
issue template
- [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or
links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip`
URLs)
- [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`)
and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details
- [x] I have run tests locally and they pass
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green
- [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-11-07 11:14:48 -06:00
DottaandClaude Opus 5.5 fa86162790 refactor(recovery): one process boot id and a cached controller identity (#19851)
## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for
work
> - Restart recovery decides when a record owned by a dead server
process may be released
> - One server process minted three different boot UUIDs, one per module
(`controller-process-identity.ts:13`, `native-restart-recovery.ts:284`,
`legacy-controller-lease.ts:8`)
> - The controller identity also ran `ps -o lstart` on macOS at every
native claim, preparation check and lease renewal, which is on the path
before `turn.start`
> - The durable ownership plan (Phase 1, step 1) needs one process
identity before it can add one owner stamp and one prover
> - This pull request makes the three modules stamp one boot id and
reads the process start time from the OS once
> - The benefit is one meaning of "owned by this process" across tables,
and no `ps` spawn on the turn path

## Linked Issues or Issue Description

Refs #19831 (plan:
`doc/plans/2026-11-07-durable-ownership-and-reconciliation.md`, Phase
1). Refs #19846 (Phase 0 inventory, finding 1, and the TTFT baseline row
"Controller identity").

**Problem**
One process has three boot ids, so the same fact ("this record is owned
by this process") has three encodings. The uncached controller identity
spawns `ps` on macOS on every claim and renewal.

**Expected behavior**
One boot id per process. The OS start-time read runs once per process.

**Impact**
Phase 1 needs one identity to build `OwnerStamp` and `proveOwnerGone`
on. The turn path loses one subprocess spawn per claim and renewal.

## What Changed

- `controller-process-identity.ts` owns the single process boot id. It
adds `currentProcessStartedAtMs()`, which caches a successful OS
start-time read for the life of the process and retries a failed read.
It also exports `currentProcessSpaceHash()` for the coming prover.
- `native-restart-recovery.ts`: `currentNativeControllerIdentity()` and
`isCurrentNativeControllerProcess()` use the shared boot id and the
cached start time. Its own `randomUUID()` boot id is removed. The
fallback to the server-info start time is kept.
- `legacy-controller-lease.ts`: `legacyControllerBootId` is now the
shared boot id.
- Tests in `native-controller-identity.test.ts`: one boot id across
native claims, legacy leases and creation intents; one OS read across
many claims and renewals; a failed read is retried, not cached.

## Verification

- `npx vitest run
src/services/native-runtime/native-controller-identity.test.ts
src/services/legacy-controller-lease.test.ts
src/__tests__/heartbeat-pending-cleanup-sweep.test.ts
src/__tests__/sandbox-creation-operations.test.ts
src/services/heartbeat/upgrade-readiness-post-result.test.ts
src/services/heartbeat/recovery.test.ts` (in `server/`): 6 files pass.
- `npx tsc --noEmit -p server`: no errors.
- I checked every reader of the three ids. Each one compares a stored
column only with the id of the module that writes that column
(`heartbeat_runs.controller_boot_id` with the legacy id,
`native_run_finalizations.controller_boot_id` with the native id,
metadata `bootId` with the creation id). No reader compares the ids of
two modules, so making them equal changes no decision inside one
process.

## Risks

- Low risk. No schema change and no persisted shape change.
- Previous-release story (`rules/upgrade-safe-run-state.mdc`): rows
saved by an older release carry that release's random per-module ids.
They never equal the new process's id, exactly as a row from any earlier
boot never did. They carry forward with no migration.
- The start-time cache is correct because a process's own start time
never changes. A failed read is not cached, so a transient `ps` failure
does not pin the fallback value.

## Model Used

- Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), Anthropic, in Claude Code with
tool use and code execution.

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate
planned core work
- [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked
them above
- [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes
#` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant
issue template
- [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or
links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip`
URLs)
- [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`)
and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details
- [x] I have run tests locally and they pass
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green
- [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-11-07 10:49:12 -06:00
DottaandClaude Opus 5.5 630411af53 fix(recovery): require a 1 s start-time gap and treat EPERM as alive in owner proofs (#19848)
## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for
work
> - After a restart, recovery code decides whether the process that owns
an in-progress run is gone
> - Two proofs compare process start times to the millisecond, but `ps
-o lstart` on macOS and BSD reports whole seconds
> - So a live owner can look like a reused PID, and recovery can release
it while it still runs
> - Signal-0 handling also disagrees: one check treats EPERM as dead,
while all others treat it as alive
> - This pull request puts one start-time rule and one EPERM rule in
`controller-process-identity.ts` and uses them at every site the Phase 0
ownership inventory named
> - The benefit is that no proof releases a live owner because of clock
precision or a permission error

## Linked Issues or Issue Description

**Bug description**
The Phase 0 ownership inventory (finding 1) found inconsistent "owner
gone" proofs. `native-failed-run-owner-release.ts`
(`recordedProcessMayBeLive`, `runProcessMayBeLive`) and
`native-session-executor.ts` (`verifiedRecoveryProcessIsAlive`) treat
any start-time difference of 1 ms or more as a reused PID.
`native-restart-recovery.ts` and `controllerProcessExited` require a gap
of at least 1 s. `local-service-supervisor.ts` (`isPidAlive`,
`isProcessGroupAlive`) treats EPERM as dead.

**Steps to reproduce**
1. On macOS, record a live process start time with millisecond
precision.
2. Run the abandoned-owner release pass, or the recovered-runner
liveness check, against that live PID.
3. The pass releases the owner, or the check reports the runner as gone.

**Expected behavior**
A sub-second start-time gap is ambiguous and keeps the owner. EPERM
means the process exists.

Refs #19846

## What Changed

- `controller-process-identity.ts`: export `processExists` (EPERM =
alive) and `processStartsDefinitelyDiffer` (gap >= 1 s; a missing time
proves nothing). `controllerProcessExited` uses the new helper.
- `native-failed-run-owner-release.ts`: the controller and run-process
checks use the shared helpers instead of exact millisecond equality.
- `native-session-executor.ts`: `verifiedRecoveryProcessIsAlive` accepts
a start time within 1 s as the same runner. Its signal path uses the
same check.
- `native-restart-recovery.ts`: `definitivelyDifferentProcessStart`
delegates to the shared helper. No behavior change.
- `local-service-supervisor.ts`: `isPidAlive` and `isProcessGroupAlive`
treat EPERM as alive.

## Verification

- New `controller-process-identity.test.ts`: the 1 s boundary, EPERM and
ESRCH for every signal-0 check, and a live spawned runner whose recorded
start is 500 ms off.
- `native-failed-run-owner-release.test.ts`: two new cases (controller
and run process) with a live child and a recorded start 500 ms off. The
owner stays `observed`.
- Red before the fix: with the old call sites, all 4 new cases fail
(`releaseAbandonedNativeOwners` returns 1 and releases the live owner;
EPERM returns false; the live runner reads as gone). Green after the
fix.
- `npx vitest run src/services/controller-process-identity.test.ts
src/services/native-runtime/native-failed-run-owner-release.test.ts
src/services/native-runtime/native-restart-recovery.test.ts
src/__tests__/local-service-supervisor.test.ts`: 59 passed.

## Risks

- Low risk. The change only makes proofs stricter: a sub-second gap or
EPERM now keeps an owner that the old code released. Such a row waits
for the existing lease, TTL, or real process exit.
- A recycled PID whose new process started within 1 s of the recorded
one now stays held until it exits. That is the same rule the takeover
path already used.
- Previous-release story: no persisted shape changes. Rows saved by the
previous release are evaluated with the stricter rule.

## Model Used

- Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), Anthropic, used with tool use and
code execution in Claude Code.

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate
planned core work
- [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked
them above
- [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes
#` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant
issue template
- [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or
links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip`
URLs)
- [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`)
and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details
- [x] I have run tests locally and they pass
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green
- [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-11-07 10:06:35 -06:00
DottaandClaude Opus 5.5 a5fe5deebe fix(environments): reclaim sandboxes left by a restart during acquire or teardown (#19696)
## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for
work
> - Remote agent runs execute in provider sandboxes (for example
Daytona) that Paperclip creates and must clean up
> - Before each provider create, Paperclip saves a durable creation
intent (`sandbox_creation_operations`). Recovery uses it to find and
destroy a sandbox whose lease was never committed
> - Recovery waited 30 minutes after creation before it checked an
intent, because a live server could still be waiting for the provider
> - After a restart, the creating server is gone, but the intent still
waited the full 30 minutes. A short-lived or redeployed instance never
reclaimed those sandboxes
> - The teardown that follows has the same problem: a teardown claim
fences other sweeps for 15 minutes, and a restart during the claim kept
the sandbox alive until the fence expired
> - This pull request saves the server process identity with each intent
and each teardown claim, and ends the wait when same-host proof shows
that process exited
> - The benefit is that a restart during sandbox acquire or teardown no
longer leaves paid provider sandboxes behind

## Linked Issues or Issue Description

**What happened?**
A control-plane restart during Daytona sandbox acquire left the created
sandbox without an `environment_leases` row. In one restart chaos wave,
6 creation intents stayed `pending` with `next_attempt_at` = creation +
30 minutes. The wave ended (and its environment was deleted) before that
time, so 4 sandboxes stayed `stopped` in Daytona. Only Daytona's own
auto-delete would remove them. Two of the runs did not exist in
`heartbeat_runs` because they were non-run acquires; their intents still
had the run id.

**Expected behavior**
After a restart, each sandbox that this instance and company created,
with no committed lease and no live creator, is found by its exact
creation name and labels and destroyed through the plugin, after the
existing ownership checks. Sandboxes from another instance, another
host, or a live server stay untouched. Nothing acts org-wide.

**Steps to reproduce**
1. Start a Daytona-backed run.
2. Kill the server (SIGKILL) after the creation intent commits and
before the lease commits.
3. Restart the server. On master, the intent stays `pending` for 30
minutes and the sandbox stays in Daytona.
4. The regression tests in
`server/src/__tests__/sandbox-creation-operations.test.ts` reproduce
this with the controlled provider fixture.

Refs #18357 (added the durable creation intent this change completes).

**Paperclip version or commit**
master 07a548073a (live proof at 8d525dba7d + this change,
content-matched to the runner image)

## What Changed

- New `server/src/services/controller-process-identity.ts`: records the
server boot id, PID, a PID-space hash and the process start time. The
PID-space hash covers the hostname, the kernel boot id and the PID
namespace on Linux (the hostname and boot time elsewhere), so containers
that share a hostname but not a PID namespace never judge each other. It
proves that a recorded process exited only in the same PID space: the
PID is gone, or the PID is live with a definitely different start time.
Another PID space, an unreadable identity, an unidentified record, or
this server never counts as exited.
- `sandbox-creation-operations.ts`: each creation intent stores the
creating process and its settle deadline. Each recovery pass first moves
intents whose creator exited to "due now". If the early lookup finds no
sandbox before the settle deadline, the intent stays `pending` and
retries. It does not become manual reconciliation, because the provider
can still materialize an aborted request.
- `heartbeat/recovery.ts`: each pending-cleanup teardown claim stores
the claiming process, bound to its claim attempt id. Before the sweep
reads due leases, it ends the 15-minute fence of a claim whose claimer
exited. A newer claim from another path (workspace repair, export retry)
that kept an older record has a different attempt id, so it is never
released.
- Both recovery passes page through candidates with a stable id cursor.
Live, foreign or unidentified owners therefore cannot hide an abandoned
record behind one page.
- This covers every `createOwnedSandbox` caller, including non-task
probe and qualification acquires. Their intents have no issue and a
generated run id, which is why their run ids are missing from
`heartbeat_runs`.
- Recovery uses only the existing paths: exact
`paperclip-create-<operation id>` name and label inspection in the
plugin, `pending_cleanup` lease, and plugin teardown. No org-wide
listing or deletion was added.

## Verification

- Red, then green (controlled provider fixture, real embedded
PostgreSQL):
- `sandbox-creation-operations.test.ts` → "after the creating server
exits mid-acquire". Before the fix, the exited-creator case left no
cleanup lease. After the fix, the next sweep creates the
`pending_cleanup` lease and the teardown destroys the sandbox.
Counter-tests: a creation owned by this live server, another live
process, another host, or a committed lease is not inspected or
destroyed. An early "not found" keeps the intent pending, and a later
sweep still finds a late allocation.
- `heartbeat-pending-cleanup-sweep.test.ts` → "a teardown claim whose
server stopped mid-attempt". Before the fix, a lost claim blocked the
teardown. After the fix, it retries now. Counter-tests: claims from this
live server, another host, or without an identity keep their fence.
- Review regressions: "keeps the fence of a newer claim that kept an
earlier attempt's server record" and "pages past more fenced claims than
one sweep page" fail on the previous commit and pass now. "pages past
more unprovable creations than one page" guards the creation-side
cursor; the old unordered page happened to include the row, so it was
not red.
- After the review changes, `sandbox-creation-operations`,
`heartbeat-pending-cleanup-sweep`, `live-recovery-work` and
`environment-cleanup-work` pass (155 tests), and `tsc --noEmit` for
`server` passes.
- Related suites pass: sandbox-creation-operations (28),
environment-cleanup-work, task-creation-recovery,
native-startup-cleanup-recovery, sandbox-orphan-cleanup-spool,
plugin-warm-tasks, idle-completed-history (187 total), and the
pending-cleanup sweep suite. `tsc --noEmit` for `server` passes.
- Live Daytona restart chaos wave `w-20261107T001609-s11` (codex, A1,
K2+K4, concurrency 2, RC-06 masked, image `sha256:2767e91c…`, first fix
only): 4/4 tasks pass, all restart-crossing, R6 pass for every task,
`orphanSandboxes: []`. The server log and database show two creation
intents killed by K4 being reconciled right after restart and destroyed
through Paperclip. A third reclaimed sandbox lost its teardown claim to
the next K4 kill in the same second, so its 15-minute fence blocked the
environment delete. The second commit fixes that.
- Live Daytona wave `w-20261107T012048-s11`, same plan, both commits:
**4/4 pass, all restart-crossing, R6 pass for every task,
`orphanSandboxes: []`, no held leases.** The environment delete through
Paperclip succeeded with `remainingSandboxes: []`. One restart-time
sweep destroyed one sandbox through the plugin.

## Risks

- Same-host proof relies on PID liveness and process start time, as
native controller takeover already does. A false "exited" result is
limited to recovery running early. The plugin still checks exact name
and labels before any delete. An early not-found result stays pending.
- Multi-host deployments sharing one database keep the old deadlines,
because a different PID space is never judged. A redeploy into a new
host or PID namespace also keeps the old deadlines (fail closed).
- The live waves ran before the review commits. The review commits only
narrow when a record is judged, and they add paging.
- Intents and claims written before this change have no process
identity, so they keep the old deadlines.
- No schema change. The new fields live in existing JSON metadata.

> For core feature work, check [`ROADMAP.md`](ROADMAP.md) first and
discuss it in `#dev` before opening the PR. Feature PRs that overlap
with planned core work may need to be redirected — check the roadmap
first. See `CONTRIBUTING.md`.

## Model Used

- Claude Opus 5.5 (`claude-opus-5-5`), Anthropic, via Claude Code with
tool use (shell, file editing, test execution). Extended reasoning
enabled.

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate
planned core work
- [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked
them above
- [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes
#` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant
issue template
- [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or
links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip`
URLs)
- [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`)
and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details
- [x] I have run tests locally and they pass
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [ ] All Paperclip CI gates are green
- [ ] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-11-06 20:39:34 -06:00