diff --git a/packages/adapters/codex-local/src/server/codex-auth-cache.test.ts b/packages/adapters/codex-local/src/server/codex-auth-cache.test.ts
index 0ca1bee28ca..2cd6ba7c173 100644
--- a/packages/adapters/codex-local/src/server/codex-auth-cache.test.ts
+++ b/packages/adapters/codex-local/src/server/codex-auth-cache.test.ts
@@ -463,13 +463,15 @@ describe("codex auth cache store", () => {
         releaseFirstCaller = resolve;
       });
 
+      const entered = deferredSignal();
       const firstCall = withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(env, "company-shared", async () => {
         events.push("first-enter");
+        entered.resolve();
         await firstCallerGate;
         events.push("first-exit");
         return "first";
       });
-      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 20));
+      await entered.promise;
       const secondCall = withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(env, "company-shared", async () => {
         events.push("second-enter");
         events.push("second-exit");
@@ -497,12 +499,14 @@ describe("codex auth cache store", () => {
         releaseCompanyA = resolve;
       });
 
+      const entered = deferredSignal();
       const companyACall = withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(env, "company-a", async () => {
         events.push("a-enter");
+        entered.resolve();
         await companyAGate;
         events.push("a-exit");
       });
-      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 20));
+      await entered.promise;
       const companyBCall = withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(env, "company-b", async () => {
         events.push("b-enter");
         events.push("b-exit");
@@ -536,6 +540,28 @@ describe("codex auth cache store", () => {
 
       expect(events).toEqual(["promotion-enter", "mutation-enter", "mutation-exit", "promotion-exit"]);
     });
+    it("allows awaited nested writes but expires inherited ownership after release", async () => {
+      const env = envFor(await makeInstanceRoot());
+      const detachedGate = deferredSignal();
+      let detached!: Promise<void>;
+      let enteredDetached = false;
+      await withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(env, "nested", async () => {
+        await expect(withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(env, "nested", async () => "nested write")).resolves.toBe("nested write");
+        detached = detachedGate.promise.then(() => withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(env, "nested", async () => { enteredDetached = true; }));
+      });
+      const holding = deferredSignal();
+      const release = deferredSignal();
+      const other = withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(env, "nested", async () => { holding.resolve(); await release.promise; });
+      await holding.promise;
+      detachedGate.resolve();
+      try {
+        await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 30));
+        expect(enteredDetached).toBe(false);
+      } finally { release.resolve(); }
+      await Promise.all([other, detached]);
+      expect(enteredDetached).toBe(true);
+    });
+
   });
 
   describe("Phase 8: account-home directory validity before a secret write commits", () => {
@@ -581,3 +607,9 @@ describe("codex auth cache store", () => {
     });
   });
 });
+
+function deferredSignal() {
+  let resolve!: () => void;
+  const promise = new Promise<void>(done => { resolve = done; });
+  return { promise, resolve };
+}
diff --git a/packages/adapters/codex-local/src/server/codex-auth-cache.ts b/packages/adapters/codex-local/src/server/codex-auth-cache.ts
index c51921fff6b..d6dd757313a 100644
--- a/packages/adapters/codex-local/src/server/codex-auth-cache.ts
+++ b/packages/adapters/codex-local/src/server/codex-auth-cache.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import { lstat, mkdir, open, readFile, rename, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
+import { AsyncLocalStorage } from "node:async_hooks";
+import { lstat, mkdir, open, readFile, realpath, rename, rm } from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
 import { resolvePaperclipInstanceRootForAdapter } from "@paperclipai/adapter-utils/server-utils";
@@ -334,6 +335,11 @@ export async function withCodexAccountHomePromotionLock<T>(
  * create) can still call into a secrets-service write that takes this lock
  * without deadlocking on itself.
  */
+// An outer credential transaction acquires this lock before database row locks.
+// Nested secret-service writes must share that ownership, not acquire it again.
+// Expire ownership on return so detached work cannot inherit a released lock.
+const secretMutationOwnership = new AsyncLocalStorage<Map<string, { active: boolean }>>();
+
 export async function withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock<T>(
   env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = process.env,
   companyId: string,
@@ -341,7 +347,16 @@ export async function withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock<T>(
 ): Promise<T> {
   const lockDir = resolveCodexAuthCacheNamedLockDir(env, companyId, "codex-account-home-secret-mutation-lock");
   await ensurePrivateDir(lockDir);
-  return withDirectoryMergeLock(lockDir, fn, env);
+  const key = await realpath(lockDir);
+  const inherited = secretMutationOwnership.getStore();
+  if (inherited?.get(key)?.active) return fn();
+  return withDirectoryMergeLock(lockDir, async () => {
+    const ownership = { active: true };
+    const scope = new Map(inherited);
+    scope.set(key, ownership);
+    try { return await secretMutationOwnership.run(scope, fn); }
+    finally { ownership.active = false; }
+  }, env);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/server/src/__tests__/ai-connections.test.ts b/server/src/__tests__/ai-connections.test.ts
index 3d8632114a4..52d54a3bfb4 100644
--- a/server/src/__tests__/ai-connections.test.ts
+++ b/server/src/__tests__/ai-connections.test.ts
@@ -84,6 +84,37 @@ describe("managed AI connections", () => {
     } finally { fetchSpy.mockRestore(); }
   });
 
+  it("serializes quota exchange with a concurrent secret edit and runtime credential read", async () => {
+    const owner = "quota-race-owner";
+    await db.insert(companyMemberships).values({ companyId, principalId: owner, principalType: "user", status: "active", membershipRole: "member" });
+    const original = JSON.stringify({ tokens: { access_token: "old-access", refresh_token: "single-use", id_token: "identity", account_id: "race-account" } });
+    const account = await service.save(companyId, owner, { provider: "openai", method: "subscription", ownership: "personal", name: "Racing refresh", loginSessionId: "fixture", agentIds: [], allAgents: true }, original);
+    const [row] = await service.quotaAccounts(companyId, owner);
+    const secretId = row.grant.credentialSecretRefs.find(ref => ref.configPath === "ai.credential")!.secretId;
+    const exchangeStarted = deferredSignal();
+    const releaseExchange = deferredSignal();
+    const request = vi.spyOn(globalThis, "fetch").mockImplementation(async () => {
+      exchangeStarted.resolve(); await releaseExchange.promise;
+      return Response.json({ access_token: "new-access", refresh_token: "new-refresh" });
+    });
+    let runtime: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof prepareManagedAiRuntime>> | undefined;
+    const refreshing = service.refreshQuotaCredential(row, original, new AbortController().signal);
+    try {
+      await exchangeStarted.promise;
+      const edit = secretService(db).update(secretId, { description: "Changed during refresh" });
+      const preparing = prepareManagedAiRuntime(db, { companyId, agentId, responsibleUserId: owner, adapterType: "codex_local", binding: { provider: "openai", method: "subscription", mode: "responsible_user" }, config: {} });
+      // Keep the provider exchange pending while both contenders reach their
+      // lock/read paths. Neither may hold a conflicting row lock or vend old auth.
+      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 50));
+      releaseExchange.resolve();
+      const results = await Promise.all([refreshing, edit, preparing]);
+      runtime = results[2];
+      expect(JSON.parse(await readFile(path.join(String(runtime.config.env.CODEX_HOME), "auth.json"), "utf8"))).toMatchObject({ tokens: { access_token: "new-access", refresh_token: "new-refresh" } });
+      expect(JSON.parse(await service.credential(row))).toMatchObject({ tokens: { access_token: "new-access", refresh_token: "new-refresh" } });
+      expect((await secretService(db).getById(secretId))?.description).toBe("Changed during refresh");
+    } finally { releaseExchange.resolve(); await runtime?.cleanup(); request.mockRestore(); }
+  }, 10_000);
+
   it("serializes quota credential refresh, persists rotation, and defers while the provider is active", async () => {
     const owner = "quota-refresh-owner";
     await db.insert(companyMemberships).values({ companyId, principalId: owner, principalType: "user", status: "active", membershipRole: "member" });
@@ -1069,3 +1100,9 @@ describe("AI connection recovery delivery", () => {
     }, 30000,
   );
 });
+
+function deferredSignal() {
+  let resolve!: () => void;
+  const promise = new Promise<void>(done => { resolve = done; });
+  return { promise, resolve };
+}
diff --git a/server/src/services/ai-connection-runtime.ts b/server/src/services/ai-connection-runtime.ts
index 534f5cf023a..b199dbc2bcf 100644
--- a/server/src/services/ai-connection-runtime.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/ai-connection-runtime.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import {
 } from "@paperclipai/shared";
 import { aiConnectionService } from "./ai-connections.js";
 import { secretService } from "./secrets.js";
-import { decideCodexAuthMerge } from "@paperclipai/adapter-codex-local/server";
+import { decideCodexAuthMerge, withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock } from "@paperclipai/adapter-codex-local/server";
 import type { AdapterExecutionTarget } from "@paperclipai/adapter-utils/execution-target";
 import { runAdapterExecutionTargetProcess } from "@paperclipai/adapter-utils/execution-target";
 import { decideGrokAuthMerge } from "@paperclipai/adapter-grok-local/server";
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ export async function prepareManagedAiRuntime(
           if (subscriptionFile) {
             const refreshed = await readFile(authFile, "utf8");
             if (refreshed !== value)
-              await db.transaction(async (tx) => {
+              await withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(undefined, input.companyId, () => db.transaction(async (tx) => {
                 const [grant] = await tx
                   .select()
                   .from(connectionGrants)
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ export async function prepareManagedAiRuntime(
                   .update(connectionGrants)
                   .set({ updatedAt: new Date() })
                   .where(eq(connectionGrants.id, grant.id));
-              });
+              }));
           }
         } finally {
           if (home) await rm(home, { recursive: true, force: true });
diff --git a/server/src/services/ai-connections.ts b/server/src/services/ai-connections.ts
index 767ae7ecb0c..770feba2419 100644
--- a/server/src/services/ai-connections.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/ai-connections.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock } from "@paperclipai/adapter-codex-local/server";
 import { syncConnectionCredentialBindings } from "./connection-credential-bindings.js";
 import { createHash, randomUUID } from "node:crypto";
 import { and, eq, inArray, or, sql } from "drizzle-orm";
@@ -402,6 +403,9 @@ export function aiConnectionService(db: Db) {
     };
   }
   async function credential(row: Pick<Awaited<ReturnType<typeof select>>, "connection" | "grant">) {
+    return withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(undefined, row.connection.companyId, () => credentialUnlocked(row));
+  }
+  async function credentialUnlocked(row: Pick<Awaited<ReturnType<typeof select>>, "connection" | "grant">) {
     const ref = row.grant.credentialSecretRefs.find(
       (r) => r.configPath === "ai.credential",
     );
@@ -498,7 +502,7 @@ export function aiConnectionService(db: Db) {
       );
     const id = reconnect?.connection.id ?? randomUUID();
     const grantId = reconnect?.grant.id ?? randomUUID();
-    return db.transaction(async (tx) => {
+    return withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(undefined, companyId, () => db.transaction(async (tx) => {
       const secrets = secretService(tx);
       if (sessionId) {
         const [session] = await tx
@@ -803,7 +807,7 @@ export function aiConnectionService(db: Db) {
         details: { provider: input.provider, method: input.method, grantId },
       });
       return { connectionId: id, grantId };
-    });
+    }));
   }
   /** A late failure must never invalidate credentials that were refreshed or reconnected meanwhile. */
   async function markAuthenticationFailed(input: {
@@ -813,7 +817,7 @@ export function aiConnectionService(db: Db) {
     runStartedAt: Date;
     attribution: AiConnectionAttribution & { identity: string };
   }) {
-    return db.transaction(async (tx) => {
+    return withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(undefined, input.companyId, () => db.transaction(async (tx) => {
       const { attribution } = input;
       const [grant] = await tx.select().from(connectionGrants).where(and(
         eq(connectionGrants.companyId, input.companyId),
@@ -847,11 +851,11 @@ export function aiConnectionService(db: Db) {
         entityType: "tool_connection", entityId: connection.id,
         details: { provider: attribution.provider, grantId: grant.id },
       });
-    });
+    }));
   }
   /** Refresh only the selected vaulted identity, serializing rotation and reconnect. */
   async function refreshQuotaCredential(row: Parameters<typeof credential>[0], failedValue: string, signal: AbortSignal) {
-    return db.transaction(async (tx) => {
+    return withAccountHomeSecretMutationLock(undefined, row.connection.companyId, () => db.transaction(async (tx) => {
       const companyId = row.connection.companyId;
       const [grant] = await tx.select().from(connectionGrants).where(and(
         eq(connectionGrants.id, row.grant.id), eq(connectionGrants.companyId, companyId),
@@ -904,7 +908,7 @@ export function aiConnectionService(db: Db) {
         action: "ai_connection.credential_refreshed", entityType: "tool_connection", entityId: row.connection.id,
         details: { provider: "openai", grantId: grant.id } });
       return refreshed;
-    });
+    }));
   }
   // A quota read uses the same credential audience as execution. Operator status
   // alone never grants access to another member's personal subscription.
diff --git a/ui/src/components/AccountQuotaPanels.test.tsx b/ui/src/components/AccountQuotaPanels.test.tsx
index c87a755b924..e5fcef037ae 100644
--- a/ui/src/components/AccountQuotaPanels.test.tsx
+++ b/ui/src/components/AccountQuotaPanels.test.tsx
@@ -15,9 +15,10 @@ describe("account quota panels", () => {
   });
   it("displays unknown utilization without inventing zero percent", () => {
     const html = renderToStaticMarkup(<AccountQuotaPanels accounts={[
-      { provider: "openai", accountKey: "a", ok: true, windows: [{ label: "Credits", usedPercent: null, resetsAt: null, valueLabel: "$5 remaining" }] },
+      { provider: "openai", accountKey: "a", ok: true, windows: [{ label: "Credits", usedPercent: null, resetsAt: "2026-10-05T00:00:00Z", valueLabel: "$5 remaining" }] },
     ]} />);
     expect(html).toContain("$5 remaining");
+    expect(html).toContain(`Resets ${new Date("2026-10-05T00:00:00Z").toLocaleString()}`);
     expect(html).not.toContain("0%");
     expect(html).not.toContain('role="progressbar"');
   });
diff --git a/ui/src/components/AccountQuotaPanels.tsx b/ui/src/components/AccountQuotaPanels.tsx
index 31cd43d05d7..ea9b84c9230 100644
--- a/ui/src/components/AccountQuotaPanels.tsx
+++ b/ui/src/components/AccountQuotaPanels.tsx
@@ -27,9 +27,12 @@ export function AccountQuotaPanels({
             </p>
           )}
           {account.windows.map((window, index) => window.usedPercent == null ? (
-            <div key={`${window.label}:${index}`} className="flex justify-between gap-3 text-sm">
-              <span>{window.label}</span>
-              <span className="text-muted-foreground">{window.valueLabel ?? "Usage not reported"}</span>
+            <div key={`${window.label}:${index}`} className="space-y-1 text-sm">
+              <div className="flex justify-between gap-3">
+                <span>{window.label}</span>
+                <span className="text-muted-foreground">{window.valueLabel ?? "Usage not reported"}</span>
+              </div>
+              {window.resetsAt && <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Resets {new Date(window.resetsAt).toLocaleString()}</p>}
             </div>
           ) : (
             <QuotaBar