diff --git a/server/src/__tests__/heartbeat-project-env.test.ts b/server/src/__tests__/heartbeat-project-env.test.ts
index 3fd5112a324..c311d064dad 100644
--- a/server/src/__tests__/heartbeat-project-env.test.ts
+++ b/server/src/__tests__/heartbeat-project-env.test.ts
@@ -283,6 +283,72 @@ describe("resolveExecutionRunAdapterConfig", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  it("blocks required missing user secrets before runtime env resolution", async () => {
+    const resolveAdapterConfigForRuntime = vi.fn();
+    const resolveEnvBindings = vi.fn();
+    const collectMissingRuntimeBindings = vi.fn(async (_companyId, _env, context) =>
+      context.consumerType === "agent"
+        ? [
+            {
+              consumerType: "agent",
+              consumerId: "agent-1",
+              configPath: "env.GITHUB_TOKEN",
+              envKey: "GITHUB_TOKEN",
+              bindingType: "user_secret_ref",
+              secretId: null,
+              secretName: null,
+              userSecretDefinitionId: "definition-1",
+              userSecretDefinitionKey: "github_token",
+              userSecretDefinitionName: "GitHub token",
+              responsibleUserId: context.responsibleUserId,
+              errorCode: "user_secret_missing",
+            },
+          ]
+        : [],
+    );
+
+    await expect(resolveExecutionRunAdapterConfig({
+      companyId: "company-1",
+      agentId: "agent-1",
+      issueId: "issue-1",
+      heartbeatRunId: "run-1",
+      responsibleUserId: "user-1",
+      executionRunConfig: {
+        env: {
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: { type: "user_secret_ref", key: "github_token", required: true },
+        },
+      },
+      projectEnv: null,
+      secretsSvc: {
+        resolveAdapterConfigForRuntime,
+        resolveEnvBindings,
+        collectMissingRuntimeBindings,
+      } as any,
+    })).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      code: "configuration_incomplete",
+      resultJson: {
+        configurationIncomplete: {
+          reason: "secret_binding_missing",
+          companyId: "company-1",
+          agentId: "agent-1",
+          issueId: "issue-1",
+          missingBindings: [
+            expect.objectContaining({
+              bindingType: "user_secret_ref",
+              userSecretDefinitionKey: "github_token",
+              responsibleUserId: "user-1",
+            }),
+          ],
+        },
+      },
+    });
+    expect(collectMissingRuntimeBindings.mock.calls[0]?.[2]).toMatchObject({
+      responsibleUserId: "user-1",
+    });
+    expect(resolveAdapterConfigForRuntime).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(resolveEnvBindings).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   it("rejects inline sensitive env values for low-trust runs", async () => {
     await expect(resolveExecutionRunAdapterConfig({
       companyId: "company-1",
diff --git a/server/src/__tests__/issues-service.test.ts b/server/src/__tests__/issues-service.test.ts
index 8064953df4d..97dd540c9fd 100644
--- a/server/src/__tests__/issues-service.test.ts
+++ b/server/src/__tests__/issues-service.test.ts
@@ -2151,6 +2151,7 @@ describeEmbeddedPostgres("issueService.create workspace inheritance", () => {
     await db.delete(projectWorkspaces);
     await db.delete(projects);
     await db.delete(goals);
+    await db.delete(heartbeatRuns);
     await db.delete(agents);
     await db.delete(environments);
     await db.delete(instanceSettings);
@@ -2237,6 +2238,57 @@ describeEmbeddedPostgres("issueService.create workspace inheritance", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  it("inherits responsible user for agent-created child issues", async () => {
+    const companyId = randomUUID();
+    const agentId = randomUUID();
+    const runId = randomUUID();
+    const responsibleUserId = randomUUID();
+    await db.insert(companies).values({
+      id: companyId,
+      name: "Paperclip",
+      issuePrefix: `T${companyId.replace(/-/g, "").slice(0, 6).toUpperCase()}`,
+      requireBoardApprovalForNewAgents: false,
+    });
+    await db.insert(agents).values({
+      id: agentId,
+      companyId,
+      name: "Coder",
+      role: "engineer",
+      status: "active",
+      adapterType: "codex_local",
+      adapterConfig: {},
+      runtimeConfig: {},
+      permissions: {},
+    });
+
+    const parent = await svc.create(companyId, {
+      title: "Parent issue",
+      status: "in_progress",
+      priority: "medium",
+      assigneeAgentId: agentId,
+      createdByUserId: responsibleUserId,
+    });
+    await db.insert(heartbeatRuns).values({
+      id: runId,
+      companyId,
+      agentId,
+      invocationSource: "assignment",
+      status: "running",
+      responsibleUserId,
+      contextSnapshot: { issueId: parent.id },
+    });
+
+    const child = await svc.create(companyId, {
+      parentId: parent.id,
+      title: "Agent-created child",
+      createdByAgentId: agentId,
+      actorRunId: runId,
+    });
+
+    expect(parent.responsibleUserId).toBe(responsibleUserId);
+    expect(child.responsibleUserId).toBe(responsibleUserId);
+  });
+
   it("does not stamp the assignee default environment onto new issues", async () => {
     const companyId = randomUUID();
     const projectId = randomUUID();
diff --git a/server/src/__tests__/routines-service.test.ts b/server/src/__tests__/routines-service.test.ts
index 183913f2273..15137f3b7c8 100644
--- a/server/src/__tests__/routines-service.test.ts
+++ b/server/src/__tests__/routines-service.test.ts
@@ -712,6 +712,7 @@ describeEmbeddedPostgres("routine service live-execution coalescing", () => {
         id: issues.id,
         assigneeAgentId: issues.assigneeAgentId,
         createdByUserId: issues.createdByUserId,
+        responsibleUserId: issues.responsibleUserId,
       })
       .from(issues)
       .where(eq(issues.id, run.linkedIssueId!));
@@ -719,6 +720,7 @@ describeEmbeddedPostgres("routine service live-execution coalescing", () => {
       id: run.linkedIssueId,
       assigneeAgentId: agentId,
       createdByUserId: userId,
+      responsibleUserId: userId,
     });
 
     const inboxIssues = await issueSvc.list(companyId, {
@@ -729,6 +731,45 @@ describeEmbeddedPostgres("routine service live-execution coalescing", () => {
     expect(inboxIssues.map((issue) => issue.id)).toContain(run.linkedIssueId);
   });
 
+  it("uses the routine revision responsible-user snapshot for automatic runs", async () => {
+    const { companyId, agentId, projectId, svc } = await seedFixture();
+    const responsibleUserId = randomUUID();
+    const driftUserId = randomUUID();
+    const routine = await svc.create(
+      companyId,
+      {
+        projectId,
+        goalId: null,
+        parentIssueId: null,
+        title: "snapshotted owner routine",
+        description: null,
+        assigneeAgentId: agentId,
+        priority: "medium",
+        status: "active",
+        concurrencyPolicy: "coalesce_if_active",
+        catchUpPolicy: "skip_missed",
+      },
+      { userId: responsibleUserId },
+    );
+
+    await db
+      .update(routines)
+      .set({ responsibleUserId: driftUserId, updatedAt: new Date() })
+      .where(eq(routines.id, routine.id));
+
+    const run = await svc.runRoutine(routine.id, { source: "schedule" });
+
+    expect(run.status).toBe("issue_created");
+    expect(run.responsibleUserId).toBe(responsibleUserId);
+    const [createdIssue] = await db
+      .select({
+        responsibleUserId: issues.responsibleUserId,
+      })
+      .from(issues)
+      .where(eq(issues.id, run.linkedIssueId!));
+    expect(createdIssue?.responsibleUserId).toBe(responsibleUserId);
+  });
+
   it("waits for the assignee wakeup to be queued before returning the routine run", async () => {
     let wakeupResolved = false;
     const { routine, svc } = await seedFixture({
diff --git a/server/src/__tests__/secrets-service.test.ts b/server/src/__tests__/secrets-service.test.ts
index 071f2c0995c..14dbf2775e6 100644
--- a/server/src/__tests__/secrets-service.test.ts
+++ b/server/src/__tests__/secrets-service.test.ts
@@ -420,6 +420,52 @@ describeEmbeddedPostgres("secretService", () => {
         responsibleUserId: "user-2",
       }),
     ).rejects.toThrow(/not configured/i);
+    await expect(
+      svc.collectMissingRuntimeBindings(companyId, env, {
+        consumerType: "agent",
+        consumerId: "agent-1",
+        responsibleUserId: "user-2",
+      }),
+    ).resolves.toEqual([
+      expect.objectContaining({
+        bindingType: "user_secret_ref",
+        configPath: "env.GITHUB_TOKEN",
+        envKey: "GITHUB_TOKEN",
+        userSecretDefinitionId: definition.id,
+        userSecretDefinitionKey: "github_token",
+        responsibleUserId: "user-2",
+        errorCode: "user_secret_missing",
+      }),
+    ]);
+
+    const optionalEnv = {
+      OPTIONAL_GITHUB_TOKEN: {
+        type: "user_secret_ref" as const,
+        key: "github_token",
+        version: "latest" as const,
+        required: false,
+      },
+    };
+    await svc.syncEnvBindingsForTarget(companyId, { targetType: "agent", targetId: "agent-optional" }, optionalEnv);
+    await expect(
+      svc.collectMissingRuntimeBindings(companyId, optionalEnv, {
+        consumerType: "agent",
+        consumerId: "agent-optional",
+        responsibleUserId: "user-2",
+      }),
+    ).resolves.toEqual([]);
+    await expect(
+      svc.resolveEnvBindings(companyId, optionalEnv, {
+        consumerType: "agent",
+        consumerId: "agent-optional",
+        actorType: "agent",
+        actorId: "agent-optional",
+        responsibleUserId: "user-2",
+      }),
+    ).resolves.toMatchObject({
+      env: {},
+      manifest: [],
+    });
 
     const resolved = await svc.resolveEnvBindings(companyId, env, {
       consumerType: "agent",
diff --git a/server/src/routes/issues.ts b/server/src/routes/issues.ts
index 8e0889c6190..11d82bd08f8 100644
--- a/server/src/routes/issues.ts
+++ b/server/src/routes/issues.ts
@@ -5229,6 +5229,7 @@ export function issueRoutes(
       ...(sourceTrust ? { sourceTrust } : {}),
       createdByAgentId: actor.agentId,
       createdByUserId: actor.actorType === "user" ? actor.actorId : null,
+      actorRunId: actor.runId,
       watchdogActorRunId: actor.runId,
     });
     await issueReferencesSvc.syncIssue(issue.id);
@@ -5397,6 +5398,7 @@ export function issueRoutes(
       ...(sourceTrust ? { sourceTrust } : {}),
       createdByAgentId: actor.agentId,
       createdByUserId: actor.actorType === "user" ? actor.actorId : null,
+      actorRunId: actor.runId,
       actorAgentId: actor.agentId,
       actorUserId: actor.actorType === "user" ? actor.actorId : null,
       watchdogActorRunId: actor.runId,
@@ -5562,6 +5564,7 @@ export function issueRoutes(
         ...(sourceTrust ? { sourceTrust } : {}),
         createdByAgentId: actor.agentId,
         createdByUserId: actor.actorType === "user" ? actor.actorId : null,
+        actorRunId: actor.runId,
         actorAgentId: actor.agentId,
         actorUserId: actor.actorType === "user" ? actor.actorId : null,
       });
diff --git a/server/src/services/heartbeat.ts b/server/src/services/heartbeat.ts
index d1d9a59e721..ecfcd4971f6 100644
--- a/server/src/services/heartbeat.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/heartbeat.ts
@@ -431,9 +431,19 @@ type RuntimeConfigSecretResolver = Pick<
 >;
 
 function formatMissingBindingForOperator(missing: MissingRuntimeBinding): string {
+  if (missing.bindingType === "user_secret_ref") {
+    const definitionLabel =
+      missing.userSecretDefinitionName
+        ? `"${missing.userSecretDefinitionName}"`
+        : missing.userSecretDefinitionKey
+          ? `"${missing.userSecretDefinitionKey}"`
+          : "declared user secret";
+    const ownerLabel = missing.responsibleUserId ? ` for responsible user ${missing.responsibleUserId}` : "";
+    return `user secret ${definitionLabel}${ownerLabel} not available at ${missing.consumerType} ${missing.configPath}`;
+  }
   const secretLabel = missing.secretName
     ? `"${missing.secretName}"`
-    : missing.secretId;
+    : missing.secretId ?? "unknown";
   return `secret ${secretLabel} not bound at ${missing.consumerType} ${missing.configPath}`;
 }
 
@@ -579,7 +589,11 @@ export async function resolveExecutionRunAdapterConfig(input: {
         ...(await input.secretsSvc.collectMissingRuntimeBindings(
           input.companyId,
           environmentEnv,
-          { consumerType: "environment", consumerId: input.environmentId },
+          {
+            consumerType: "environment",
+            consumerId: input.environmentId,
+            responsibleUserId: input.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+          },
         )),
       );
     }
@@ -588,7 +602,11 @@ export async function resolveExecutionRunAdapterConfig(input: {
         ...(await input.secretsSvc.collectMissingRuntimeBindings(
           input.companyId,
           parseObject(executionRunConfig.env),
-          { consumerType: "agent", consumerId: input.agentId },
+          {
+            consumerType: "agent",
+            consumerId: input.agentId,
+            responsibleUserId: input.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+          },
         )),
       );
       if (typeof input.secretsSvc.collectMissingAdapterConfigRuntimeBindings === "function") {
@@ -597,7 +615,11 @@ export async function resolveExecutionRunAdapterConfig(input: {
             input.companyId,
             executionRunConfig,
             input.adapterType ?? null,
-            { consumerType: "agent", consumerId: input.agentId },
+            {
+              consumerType: "agent",
+              consumerId: input.agentId,
+              responsibleUserId: input.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+            },
           )),
         );
       }
@@ -607,7 +629,11 @@ export async function resolveExecutionRunAdapterConfig(input: {
         ...(await input.secretsSvc.collectMissingRuntimeBindings(
           input.companyId,
           projectEnv,
-          { consumerType: "project", consumerId: input.projectId },
+          {
+            consumerType: "project",
+            consumerId: input.projectId,
+            responsibleUserId: input.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+          },
         )),
       );
     }
@@ -616,7 +642,11 @@ export async function resolveExecutionRunAdapterConfig(input: {
         ...(await input.secretsSvc.collectMissingRuntimeBindings(
           input.companyId,
           routineEnv,
-          { consumerType: "routine", consumerId: input.routineId },
+          {
+            consumerType: "routine",
+            consumerId: input.routineId,
+            responsibleUserId: input.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+          },
         )),
       );
     }
@@ -4498,6 +4528,9 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
         assigneeAdapterOverrides: issues.assigneeAdapterOverrides,
         executionPolicy: issues.executionPolicy,
         executionWorkspaceSettings: issues.executionWorkspaceSettings,
+        parentId: issues.parentId,
+        createdByUserId: issues.createdByUserId,
+        responsibleUserId: issues.responsibleUserId,
         originKind: issues.originKind,
         originId: issues.originId,
         originRunId: issues.originRunId,
@@ -4513,13 +4546,14 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
     issueContext: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getIssueExecutionContext>> | null,
   ) {
     if (!issueContext || issueContext.originKind !== "routine_execution" || !issueContext.originId) {
-      return { routineId: null, env: null };
+      return { routineId: null, env: null, responsibleUserId: null };
     }
 
     const routineRun = issueContext.originRunId
       ? await db
           .select({
             routineRevisionId: routineRuns.routineRevisionId,
+            responsibleUserId: routineRuns.responsibleUserId,
           })
           .from(routineRuns)
           .where(
@@ -4536,6 +4570,7 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
       const revision = await db
         .select({
           snapshot: routineRevisions.snapshot,
+          responsibleUserId: routineRevisions.responsibleUserId,
         })
         .from(routineRevisions)
         .where(
@@ -4548,16 +4583,50 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
         .then((rows) => rows[0] ?? null);
       const snapshot = revision?.snapshot as RoutineRevisionSnapshotV1 | undefined;
       if (snapshot?.version === 1) {
-        return { routineId: issueContext.originId, env: snapshot.routine.env ?? null };
+        return {
+          routineId: issueContext.originId,
+          env: snapshot.routine.env ?? null,
+          responsibleUserId: revision?.responsibleUserId ?? snapshot.routine.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+        };
       }
     }
 
     const routine = await db
-      .select({ env: routines.env })
+      .select({ env: routines.env, responsibleUserId: routines.responsibleUserId })
       .from(routines)
       .where(and(eq(routines.id, issueContext.originId), eq(routines.companyId, companyId)))
       .then((rows) => rows[0] ?? null);
-    return { routineId: issueContext.originId, env: routine?.env ?? null };
+    return {
+      routineId: issueContext.originId,
+      env: routine?.env ?? null,
+      responsibleUserId: routineRun?.responsibleUserId ?? routine?.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+    };
+  }
+
+  async function resolveResponsibleUserIdForRun(input: {
+    run: typeof heartbeatRuns.$inferSelect;
+    contextSnapshot: Record<string, unknown>;
+    issueContext: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getIssueExecutionContext>> | null;
+    routineEnvContext: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof getRoutineEnvForExecutionIssue>>;
+  }) {
+    const contextResponsibleUserId = readNonEmptyString(input.contextSnapshot.responsibleUserId);
+    if (contextResponsibleUserId) return contextResponsibleUserId;
+    if (input.run.responsibleUserId) return input.run.responsibleUserId;
+    if (input.routineEnvContext.responsibleUserId) return input.routineEnvContext.responsibleUserId;
+    if (input.issueContext?.responsibleUserId) return input.issueContext.responsibleUserId;
+    if (input.issueContext?.createdByUserId) return input.issueContext.createdByUserId;
+    if (input.issueContext?.parentId) {
+      const parent = await db
+        .select({
+          responsibleUserId: issues.responsibleUserId,
+          createdByUserId: issues.createdByUserId,
+        })
+        .from(issues)
+        .where(and(eq(issues.companyId, input.run.companyId), eq(issues.id, input.issueContext.parentId)))
+        .then((rows) => rows[0] ?? null);
+      return parent?.responsibleUserId ?? parent?.createdByUserId ?? null;
+    }
+    return null;
   }
 
   async function getRuntimeState(agentId: string) {
@@ -8301,10 +8370,17 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
     }
 
     const claimedAt = new Date();
+    const responsibleUserId = await resolveResponsibleUserIdForRun({
+      run,
+      contextSnapshot: context,
+      issueContext: issueId ? await getIssueExecutionContext(run.companyId, issueId) : null,
+      routineEnvContext: { routineId: null, env: null, responsibleUserId: null },
+    });
     const claimed = await db
       .update(heartbeatRuns)
       .set({
         status: "running",
+        responsibleUserId,
         startedAt: run.startedAt ?? claimedAt,
         updatedAt: claimedAt,
       })
@@ -9395,6 +9471,26 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
       delete context.acceptedPlanWakeRouting;
     }
     const routineEnvContext = await getRoutineEnvForExecutionIssue(agent.companyId, issueContext);
+    const responsibleUserId = await resolveResponsibleUserIdForRun({
+      run,
+      contextSnapshot: context,
+      issueContext,
+      routineEnvContext,
+    });
+    if (responsibleUserId && run.responsibleUserId !== responsibleUserId) {
+      await db
+        .update(heartbeatRuns)
+        .set({ responsibleUserId, updatedAt: new Date() })
+        .where(eq(heartbeatRuns.id, run.id));
+      run = { ...run, responsibleUserId };
+    }
+    if (responsibleUserId && issueContext && !issueContext.responsibleUserId) {
+      await db
+        .update(issues)
+        .set({ responsibleUserId, updatedAt: new Date() })
+        .where(and(eq(issues.companyId, agent.companyId), eq(issues.id, issueContext.id), isNull(issues.responsibleUserId)));
+      issueContext = { ...issueContext, responsibleUserId };
+    }
     const projectExecutionWorkspacePolicy = gateProjectExecutionWorkspacePolicy(
       parseProjectExecutionWorkspacePolicy(projectContext?.executionWorkspacePolicy),
       isolatedWorkspacesEnabled,
@@ -9703,6 +9799,7 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
       environmentEnv: selectedEnvironmentForConfig?.envVars ?? null,
       projectId: projectContext?.id ?? null,
       routineId: routineEnvContext.routineId,
+      responsibleUserId,
       executionRunConfig,
       projectEnv: projectContext?.env ?? null,
       routineEnv: routineEnvContext.env,
@@ -12017,6 +12114,9 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
     if (projectId && !readNonEmptyString(enrichedContextSnapshot.projectId)) {
       enrichedContextSnapshot.projectId = projectId;
     }
+    const queuedResponsibleUserId =
+      readNonEmptyString(enrichedContextSnapshot.responsibleUserId) ??
+      (opts.requestedByActorType === "user" ? opts.requestedByActorId ?? null : null);
 
     const budgetBlock = await budgets.getInvocationBlock(agent.companyId, agentId, {
       issueId,
@@ -12603,6 +12703,7 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
             invocationSource: source,
             triggerDetail,
             status: "queued",
+            responsibleUserId: queuedResponsibleUserId,
             wakeupRequestId: wakeupRequest.id,
             contextSnapshot: enrichedContextSnapshot,
             sessionIdBefore: sessionBefore,
@@ -12668,7 +12769,6 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
       Boolean(sameScopeRunningRun) &&
       !sameScopeQueuedRun &&
       shouldQueueFollowupForRunningIssueWake({ contextSnapshot: enrichedContextSnapshot, wakeCommentId });
-
     const rawCoalescedTarget =
       sameScopeQueuedRun ??
       sameScopeScheduledRetryRun ??
@@ -12777,6 +12877,7 @@ export function heartbeatService(db: Db, options: HeartbeatServiceOptions = {})
           invocationSource: source,
           triggerDetail,
           status: "queued",
+          responsibleUserId: queuedResponsibleUserId,
           wakeupRequestId: wakeupRequest.id,
           contextSnapshot: enrichedContextSnapshot,
           sessionIdBefore: sessionBefore,
diff --git a/server/src/services/issues.ts b/server/src/services/issues.ts
index 733c3c9c20b..3d9bc1d1505 100644
--- a/server/src/services/issues.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/issues.ts
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
   documents,
   goals,
   heartbeatRuns,
+  routineRuns,
   executionWorkspaces,
   issueApprovals,
   issueAttachments,
@@ -137,6 +138,55 @@ function readStringFromRecord(record: unknown, key: string) {
   return typeof value === "string" && value.trim().length > 0 ? value.trim() : null;
 }
 
+async function resolveResponsibleUserIdForIssueCreate(
+  reader: DbReader,
+  companyId: string,
+  input: {
+    explicitResponsibleUserId?: string | null;
+    createdByUserId?: string | null;
+    parentId?: string | null;
+    originKind?: string | null;
+    originRunId?: string | null;
+    actorRunId?: string | null;
+  },
+) {
+  const explicitResponsibleUserId = readStringFromRecord(input, "explicitResponsibleUserId");
+  if (explicitResponsibleUserId) return explicitResponsibleUserId;
+
+  if (input.originKind === "routine_execution" && input.originRunId) {
+    const routineRun = await reader
+      .select({ responsibleUserId: routineRuns.responsibleUserId })
+      .from(routineRuns)
+      .where(and(eq(routineRuns.companyId, companyId), eq(routineRuns.id, input.originRunId)))
+      .then((rows) => rows[0] ?? null);
+    if (routineRun?.responsibleUserId) return routineRun.responsibleUserId;
+  }
+
+  if (input.actorRunId) {
+    const actorRun = await reader
+      .select({ responsibleUserId: heartbeatRuns.responsibleUserId })
+      .from(heartbeatRuns)
+      .where(and(eq(heartbeatRuns.companyId, companyId), eq(heartbeatRuns.id, input.actorRunId)))
+      .then((rows) => rows[0] ?? null);
+    if (actorRun?.responsibleUserId) return actorRun.responsibleUserId;
+  }
+
+  if (input.parentId) {
+    const parent = await reader
+      .select({
+        responsibleUserId: issues.responsibleUserId,
+        createdByUserId: issues.createdByUserId,
+      })
+      .from(issues)
+      .where(and(eq(issues.companyId, companyId), eq(issues.id, input.parentId)))
+      .then((rows) => rows[0] ?? null);
+    if (parent?.responsibleUserId) return parent.responsibleUserId;
+    if (parent?.createdByUserId) return parent.createdByUserId;
+  }
+
+  return input.createdByUserId ?? null;
+}
+
 function buildReusedExecutionWorkspaceConfigPatchFromIssueSettings(
   settings: ReturnType<typeof parseIssueExecutionWorkspaceSettings>,
 ) {
@@ -366,6 +416,7 @@ type IssueCreateInput = Omit<typeof issues.$inferInsert, "companyId"> & {
   inheritExecutionWorkspaceFromIssueId?: string | null;
   watchdog?: { agentId: string; instructions?: string | null } | null;
   watchdogActorRunId?: string | null;
+  actorRunId?: string | null;
 };
 type IssueChildCreateInput = IssueCreateInput & {
   acceptanceCriteria?: string[];
@@ -5014,6 +5065,7 @@ export function issueService(db: Db) {
         inheritExecutionWorkspaceFromIssueId,
         watchdog,
         watchdogActorRunId,
+        actorRunId,
         ...issueData
       } = data;
       const isolatedWorkspacesEnabled = (await instanceSettings.getExperimental()).enableIsolatedWorkspaces;
@@ -5159,9 +5211,18 @@ export function issueService(db: Db) {
 
         const issueNumber = company.issueCounter;
         const identifier = `${company.issuePrefix}-${issueNumber}`;
+        const responsibleUserId = await resolveResponsibleUserIdForIssueCreate(tx, companyId, {
+          explicitResponsibleUserId: issueData.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+          createdByUserId: issueData.createdByUserId ?? null,
+          parentId: issueData.parentId ?? null,
+          originKind: issueData.originKind ?? "manual",
+          originRunId: issueData.originRunId ?? null,
+          actorRunId: actorRunId ?? null,
+        });
 
         const values = {
           ...issueData,
+          responsibleUserId,
           requestDepth: clampIssueRequestDepth(issueData.requestDepth),
           originKind: issueData.originKind ?? "manual",
           goalId: resolveIssueGoalId({
diff --git a/server/src/services/routines.ts b/server/src/services/routines.ts
index d7ab92c517f..ce0ce389f27 100644
--- a/server/src/services/routines.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/routines.ts
@@ -820,6 +820,7 @@ export function routineService(
         createdByAgentId: actor.agentId ?? null,
         createdByUserId: actor.userId ?? null,
         createdByRunId: actor.runId ?? null,
+        responsibleUserId: snapshot.routine.responsibleUserId ?? null,
         createdAt: now,
       })
       .returning();
@@ -1137,6 +1138,7 @@ export function routineService(
           completedAt: triggeredAt,
           linkedIssueId: null,
           routineRevisionId: input.routine.latestRevisionId,
+          responsibleUserId: input.routine.responsibleUserId ?? null,
         })
         .returning();
       await updateRoutineTouchedState({
@@ -1486,6 +1488,26 @@ export function routineService(
 
       const triggeredAt = new Date();
       const manualRunnerUserId = input.source === "manual" ? input.actor?.userId ?? null : null;
+      const latestRevisionResponsibleUserId = input.routine.latestRevisionId
+        ? await txDb
+            .select({
+              responsibleUserId: routineRevisions.responsibleUserId,
+              snapshot: routineRevisions.snapshot,
+            })
+            .from(routineRevisions)
+            .where(and(
+              eq(routineRevisions.companyId, input.routine.companyId),
+              eq(routineRevisions.routineId, input.routine.id),
+              eq(routineRevisions.id, input.routine.latestRevisionId),
+            ))
+            .then((rows) => {
+              const row = rows[0] ?? null;
+              const snapshot = row?.snapshot as RoutineRevisionSnapshotV1 | undefined;
+              return row?.responsibleUserId ?? snapshot?.routine.responsibleUserId ?? null;
+            })
+        : null;
+      const responsibleUserId =
+        manualRunnerUserId ?? latestRevisionResponsibleUserId ?? input.routine.responsibleUserId ?? null;
       const [createdRun] = await txDb
         .insert(routineRuns)
         .values({
@@ -1499,6 +1521,7 @@ export function routineService(
           triggerPayload,
           dispatchFingerprint,
           routineRevisionId: input.routine.latestRevisionId,
+          responsibleUserId,
         })
         .returning();
 
@@ -1552,6 +1575,7 @@ export function routineService(
             assigneeAgentId,
             createdByAgentId: input.source === "manual" ? input.actor?.agentId ?? null : null,
             createdByUserId: manualRunnerUserId,
+            responsibleUserId,
             originKind: issueOriginKind,
             originId: issueOriginId,
             originRunId: createdRun.id,
@@ -1861,6 +1885,7 @@ export function routineService(
             catchUpPolicy: input.catchUpPolicy,
             variables,
             env,
+            responsibleUserId: actor.userId ?? null,
             createdByAgentId: actor.agentId ?? null,
             createdByUserId: actor.userId ?? null,
             updatedByAgentId: actor.agentId ?? null,
diff --git a/server/src/services/secrets.ts b/server/src/services/secrets.ts
index 6c413283bb1..99c4a12dae0 100644
--- a/server/src/services/secrets.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/secrets.ts
@@ -266,8 +266,14 @@ export type MissingRuntimeBinding = {
   consumerId: string;
   configPath: string;
   envKey: string;
-  secretId: string;
+  bindingType?: "secret_ref" | "user_secret_ref";
+  secretId: string | null;
   secretName: string | null;
+  userSecretDefinitionId?: string | null;
+  userSecretDefinitionKey?: string | null;
+  userSecretDefinitionName?: string | null;
+  responsibleUserId?: string | null;
+  errorCode?: SecretResolutionErrorCode;
 };
 
 type RuntimeSecretResolution = {
@@ -2251,6 +2257,7 @@ export function secretService(db: Db) {
         throw unprocessable("User secret definition is not active");
       }
       if (!responsibleUserId?.trim()) {
+        if (input.allowMissingOverride || input.required === false) return null;
         throw unprocessable("Responsible user is required for user secret resolution", {
           code: "responsible_user_missing",
         });
@@ -3441,7 +3448,16 @@ export function secretService(db: Db) {
         if (binding.type !== "secret_ref") return [];
         return [{ key, configPath: `env.${key}`, secretId: binding.secretId }];
       });
-      if (secretRefs.length === 0) return [];
+      const userSecretRefs = Object.entries(record).flatMap(([key, rawBinding]) => {
+        if (!ENV_KEY_RE.test(key)) return [];
+        const parsed = envBindingSchema.safeParse(rawBinding);
+        if (!parsed.success) return [];
+        const binding = canonicalizeBinding(parsed.data as EnvBinding);
+        if (binding.type !== "user_secret_ref") return [];
+        if (!binding.required || binding.allowMissingOverride) return [];
+        return [{ key, configPath: `env.${key}`, binding }];
+      });
+      if (secretRefs.length === 0 && userSecretRefs.length === 0) return [];
 
       const bindingChecks = await Promise.all(secretRefs.map(async (entry) => ({
         entry,
@@ -3456,7 +3472,6 @@ export function secretService(db: Db) {
       const missingEntries = bindingChecks
         .filter((check) => !check.found)
         .map((check) => check.entry);
-      if (missingEntries.length === 0) return [];
 
       const secretRows = await Promise.all(
         [...new Set(missingEntries.map((entry) => entry.secretId))].map(async (secretId) => [
@@ -3466,14 +3481,108 @@ export function secretService(db: Db) {
       );
       const secretsById = new Map(secretRows);
 
-      return missingEntries.map((entry) => ({
+      const missingSecretBindings: MissingRuntimeBinding[] = missingEntries.map((entry) => ({
           consumerType: context.consumerType,
           consumerId: context.consumerId,
           configPath: entry.configPath,
           envKey: entry.key,
+          bindingType: "secret_ref",
           secretId: entry.secretId,
           secretName: secretsById.get(entry.secretId)?.name ?? null,
         }));
+
+      const missingUserSecretBindings: MissingRuntimeBinding[] = [];
+      for (const entry of userSecretRefs) {
+        let definition: typeof userSecretDefinitions.$inferSelect | null = null;
+        try {
+          definition = await resolveUserSecretDefinition(companyId, { definitionKey: entry.binding.key });
+        } catch {
+          missingUserSecretBindings.push({
+            consumerType: context.consumerType,
+            consumerId: context.consumerId,
+            configPath: entry.configPath,
+            envKey: entry.key,
+            bindingType: "user_secret_ref",
+            secretId: null,
+            secretName: null,
+            userSecretDefinitionKey: entry.binding.key,
+            responsibleUserId: context.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+            errorCode: "user_secret_definition_missing",
+          });
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        const declaration = await db
+          .select()
+          .from(userSecretDeclarations)
+          .where(and(
+            eq(userSecretDeclarations.companyId, companyId),
+            eq(userSecretDeclarations.userSecretDefinitionId, definition.id),
+            eq(userSecretDeclarations.targetType, context.consumerType),
+            eq(userSecretDeclarations.targetId, context.consumerId),
+            eq(userSecretDeclarations.configPath, entry.configPath),
+          ))
+          .then((rows) => rows[0] ?? null);
+        if (!declaration) {
+          missingUserSecretBindings.push({
+            consumerType: context.consumerType,
+            consumerId: context.consumerId,
+            configPath: entry.configPath,
+            envKey: entry.key,
+            bindingType: "user_secret_ref",
+            secretId: null,
+            secretName: null,
+            userSecretDefinitionId: definition.id,
+            userSecretDefinitionKey: definition.key,
+            userSecretDefinitionName: definition.name,
+            responsibleUserId: context.responsibleUserId ?? null,
+            errorCode: "binding_missing",
+          });
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        if (!context.responsibleUserId?.trim()) {
+          missingUserSecretBindings.push({
+            consumerType: context.consumerType,
+            consumerId: context.consumerId,
+            configPath: entry.configPath,
+            envKey: entry.key,
+            bindingType: "user_secret_ref",
+            secretId: null,
+            secretName: null,
+            userSecretDefinitionId: definition.id,
+            userSecretDefinitionKey: definition.key,
+            userSecretDefinitionName: definition.name,
+            responsibleUserId: null,
+            errorCode: "responsible_user_missing",
+          });
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        const secret = await getUserSecretValue({
+          companyId,
+          ownerUserId: context.responsibleUserId,
+          definitionId: definition.id,
+        });
+        if (!secret || secret.status !== "active") {
+          missingUserSecretBindings.push({
+            consumerType: context.consumerType,
+            consumerId: context.consumerId,
+            configPath: entry.configPath,
+            envKey: entry.key,
+            bindingType: "user_secret_ref",
+            secretId: secret?.id ?? null,
+            secretName: null,
+            userSecretDefinitionId: definition.id,
+            userSecretDefinitionKey: definition.key,
+            userSecretDefinitionName: definition.name,
+            responsibleUserId: context.responsibleUserId,
+            errorCode: secret ? "secret_inactive" : "user_secret_missing",
+          });
+        }
+      }
+
+      return [...missingSecretBindings, ...missingUserSecretBindings];
     },
 
     collectMissingAdapterConfigRuntimeBindings: async (