diff --git a/server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.test.ts b/server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.test.ts
index aff0735736e..7f92e3c2a7e 100644
--- a/server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.test.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.test.ts
@@ -393,6 +393,7 @@ import {
   cancelNativeSession,
   closeWarmNativeSessionsForEnvironment,
   claimWarmNativeInstructionCopy,
+  warmSessionReleaseWait,
   nativeSessionWorkspaceScope,
   reserveWarmNativeInstructionDirectory,
   closeIdleWarmNativeSessionsForRestart,
@@ -10425,6 +10426,72 @@ describe("native warm session supervision", () => {
     }
   }, 90_000);
 
+  it.each([["finishes", true], ["outlasts the wait", false]] as const)(
+    "a follow-up admitted while the previous turn's warm release is still running waits for it when the release %s",
+    async (_label, releaseFinishes) => {
+    const identity = `warm-release-wait-${releaseFinishes}`;
+    const warmExecution = { ...execution, binding: { ...execution.binding, runId: identity, executionWorkspaceId: `${identity}-workspace` },
+      session: { ...execution.session, normalizedSessionId: identity, lifecyclePolicy: { mode: "warm" as const, idleTimeoutMs: 60_000 } },
+    } as NativeExecutionInputV1;
+    const session = { close: vi.fn(async () => undefined) };
+    let armPostTurnHold = false, holdPostTurnCheck = false;
+    state.execute.mockReset().mockImplementation(async (options) => {
+      await options.onSession?.(session);
+      // Only checks after the provider turn are held: that is the release window.
+      if (armPostTurnHold) holdPostTurnCheck = true;
+      return { result: { summary: "completed" }, terminal: { runTerminalState: "succeeded" },
+        turnId: identity, normalizedSessionId: identity, providerSessionId: identity,
+        driverKind: "test", driverVersion: "1", nativeEventCount: 1, highestContiguousSourceSeq: 1, usage: null };
+    });
+    let releaseGate!: () => void, settling!: () => void;
+    const gate = new Promise<void>(resolve => { releaseGate = resolve; });
+    const reachedSettle = new Promise<void>(resolve => { settling = resolve; });
+    const copy = (runId: string, slow = false) => ({ runId, root: `/tmp/${identity}`, preparationKey: "same",
+      // The previous turn's post-turn check runs while it still holds the session.
+      hasChanges: async () => { if (slow && holdPostTurnCheck) { settling(); await gate; } return false; },
+      collectStopped: async () => undefined });
+    const original = { ...warmSessionReleaseWait };
+    warmSessionReleaseWait.timeoutMs = releaseFinishes ? 5_000 : 200;
+    try {
+      await executePaperclipNativeSession({ db: leaseDb(warmExecution), execution: warmExecution, runnerInstanceId: identity,
+        runnerExecutionTarget: { kind: "remote", transport: "sandbox", environmentId: identity, remoteCwd: `/tmp/${identity}` },
+        instructionWorkingCopy: copy(identity) });
+      const second = { ...warmExecution, binding: { ...warmExecution.binding, runId: `${identity}-second` } };
+      const secondCopy = copy(second.binding.runId, true);
+      expect(await claimWarmNativeInstructionCopy({ priorExecution: warmExecution,
+        companyId: second.binding.companyId, agentId: second.binding.agentId,
+        executionWorkspaceId: second.binding.executionWorkspaceId, workspace: second.workspace,
+        environmentId: identity, runId: second.binding.runId, preparationKey: "same", adopt: async () => secondCopy })).toBeTypeOf("function");
+      armPostTurnHold = true;
+      const previous = executePaperclipNativeSession({ db: leaseDb(second), execution: second, runnerInstanceId: identity,
+        runnerExecutionTarget: { kind: "remote", transport: "sandbox", environmentId: identity, remoteCwd: `/tmp/${identity}` },
+        instructionWorkingCopy: secondCopy });
+      await reachedSettle;
+      // A follow-up wakes 43 ms after the turn settled, while its release runs.
+      const followUpRunId = `${identity}-follow-up`;
+      const followUp = claimWarmNativeInstructionCopy({ priorExecution: second,
+        companyId: second.binding.companyId, agentId: second.binding.agentId,
+        executionWorkspaceId: second.binding.executionWorkspaceId, workspace: second.workspace,
+        environmentId: identity, runId: followUpRunId, preparationKey: "same", adopt: async () => copy(followUpRunId) });
+      if (releaseFinishes) {
+        setTimeout(releaseGate, 100);
+        const release = await followUp;
+        expect(release).toBeTypeOf("function");
+        await previous;
+        // Abandon the claimed preparation so the warm owner is retired.
+        await release!();
+      } else {
+        await expect(followUp).rejects.toThrow("native_session_supervisor_busy");
+        releaseGate();
+      }
+      await previous;
+    } finally {
+      Object.assign(warmSessionReleaseWait, original);
+      releaseGate();
+      await closeWarmNativeSessionsForEnvironment({ environmentId: identity, reason: "test cleanup" });
+    }
+  });
+
   it.each(["idle", "edit", "add", "remove", "projectless"])("retains the actual agent_files copy across warm turns, then retires for %s", async ending => {
     const root = await realpath(await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "warm-agent-files-")));
     const localRoot = join(root, "run", "live");
diff --git a/server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.ts b/server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.ts
index 5a3c30b02cd..dba388d18ba 100644
--- a/server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/native-runtime/native-session-executor.ts
@@ -738,6 +738,25 @@ export function readNativeSessionIdleWork(): IdleLocalWork {
 }
 registerIdleLocalWorkProbe(readNativeSessionIdleWork);
 
+/**
+ * How long a new run's admission waits for the warm session to stop being busy.
+ * A follow-up comment can wake the next run within milliseconds of the previous
+ * run settling, while that run's warm release is still finishing. Waiting out
+ * the release lets the follow-up reuse the session instead of failing. A
+ * session still busy at the deadline is a real concurrent owner and fails as
+ * before.
+ */
+export const warmSessionReleaseWait = { timeoutMs: 30_000, pollMs: 25 };
+
+async function waitForWarmNativeSessionIdle(scope: string, entry: WarmNativeSession): Promise<void> {
+  const deadline = Date.now() + warmSessionReleaseWait.timeoutMs;
+  // Wait only while the owner's turn is over and it is releasing the session.
+  while (warmNativeSessions.get(scope) === entry && entry.busy && settlingNativeSessionScopes.has(scope)
+    && Date.now() < deadline) {
+    await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, warmSessionReleaseWait.pollMs));
+  }
+}
+
 /** Reserve the existing physical copy before heartbeat composes AGENT_HOME and
  * task guidance. The final execution/configuration fence still owns admission. */
 export async function claimWarmNativeInstructionCopy(input: {
@@ -759,6 +778,9 @@ export async function claimWarmNativeInstructionCopy(input: {
       binding: { ...prior.binding, runId: input.runId, executionWorkspaceId: input.executionWorkspaceId }, workspace: input.workspace,
     })) || prior.workspace.cwd !== input.workspace.cwd) return null;
   const scope = nativeSessionScopeKey(prior);
+  const busyEntry = warmNativeSessions.get(scope);
+  if (busyEntry?.busy) await waitForWarmNativeSessionIdle(scope, busyEntry);
+  // Re-read after the wait: the release may have retired or replaced the session.
   const entry = warmNativeSessions.get(scope);
   if (!entry || !entry.instructionWorkingCopy?.runId || entry.environmentId !== input.environmentId) return null;
   if (entry.busy) throw new Error("native_session_supervisor_busy");
@@ -1982,6 +2004,9 @@ const initializingSessionToolAuthorities = new Set<string>();
 const executingRunnerdSessionScopes = new Map<string, string>();
 const executingNativeOwnerScopes = new Map<string, symbol>();
 const executingNativeIngressAllocations = new Map<string, symbol>();
+/** Session scope -> the run releasing it after its turn (warm release and
+ * hand-back), which a follow-up's instruction claim may wait for. */
+const settlingNativeSessionScopes = new Map<string, string>();
 
 export function nativeSessionScopeDigestIsBusy(digest: string): boolean {
   const scopes = [
@@ -9440,6 +9465,8 @@ export async function executePaperclipNativeSession(input: {
         nativeSessionStartups.delete(runId);
         setNativeExecutionActive(runId, false);
       }
+      const settledScope = nativeSessionScopeKey(input.execution);
+      if (settlingNativeSessionScopes.get(settledScope) === runId) settlingNativeSessionScopes.delete(settledScope);
     }
     if (startupUnsettled) throw new NativeStartupCleanupPendingError(startup.executionContext!.id,
       startup.executionContext!.deadlineAtMs, startup.leaseOwner!, startup.executionContext!.pluginSupported,
@@ -12009,6 +12036,9 @@ async function executePaperclipNativeSessionWithinScope(
       await timeController("github_stop", () => githubAccess!.stop());
     }
   }
+  // The provider turn is over: what follows is release and hand-back, which a
+  // follow-up's admission may wait for (`warmSessionReleaseWait`).
+  settlingNativeSessionScopes.set(nativeSessionScopeKey(input.execution), input.execution.binding.runId);
   let postExecutionFailed = false;
   let postExecutionCleanupFailed = false;
   try {